Service and data layer handling of jobs, files, and recipe inferences.

build.gradle

@@ -80,6 +80,9 @@ dependencies {
 	implementation 'org.jsoup:jsoup:1.21.2'
 	implementation 'com.fasterxml.jackson.dataformat:jackson-dataformat-yaml:2.20.1'
 
+    // Source: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/io.hypersistence/hypersistence-utils-hibernate-63
+    implementation 'io.hypersistence:hypersistence-utils-hibernate-63:3.14.1'
+
 	implementation 'io.minio:minio:8.6.0'
 
 	compileOnly 'org.jetbrains:annotations:26.0.2-1'
@@ -98,6 +101,10 @@ dependencies {
 	testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:junit-jupiter:1.21.4'
     testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:postgresql:1.21.4'
 	testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:minio:1.21.4'
+    testImplementation 'org.testcontainers:testcontainers-ollama:2.0.3'
+
+    // Source: https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.awaitility/awaitility
+    testImplementation("org.awaitility:awaitility:4.3.0")
 
 	testFixturesImplementation 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest:3.0'
 }

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/ImageControllerTests.java

@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.IntegrationTestsExtension;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth.AuthService;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth.LoginException;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.body.ImageUpdateInfoBody;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.body.ImageUpdateBody;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserCreateException;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserService;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         }
     }
 
-    private Image seedImage(User owner, ImageCreateInfoSpec spec) {
+    private Image seedImage(User owner, ImageCreateSpec spec) {
         try {
             return this.imageService.create(
                     owner,
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
     }
 
     private Image seedImage(User owner) {
-        return this.seedImage(owner, new ImageCreateInfoSpec());
+        return this.seedImage(owner, ImageCreateSpec.builder().build());
     }
 
     private static String getImageUrl(User owner, Image image) {
@@ -122,8 +122,9 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
     @Test
     public void getPublicImageNoPrincipal() throws Exception {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
-        final ImageCreateInfoSpec spec = new ImageCreateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setPublic(true);
+        final ImageCreateSpec spec = ImageCreateSpec.builder()
+                .isPublic(true)
+                .build();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner, spec);
 
         // Assert bytes the same and proper mime type
@@ -161,8 +162,9 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
 
         // add viewer
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec =  new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setViewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer));
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .viewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer))
+                .build();
         this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec);
 
         this.doGetImageTestWithAccessToken(owner, image, this.getAccessToken(viewer));
@@ -195,8 +197,9 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final User viewer = this.seedUser();
 
         // add viewer
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setViewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer));
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .viewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer))
+                .build();
         this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec);
 
         this.mockMvc.perform(get(getImageUrl(owner, image))).andExpect(status().isForbidden());
@@ -231,7 +234,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
                     .andExpect(jsonPath("$.mimeType").value("image/svg+xml"))
                     .andExpect(jsonPath("$.alt").value("HAL 9000"))
                     .andExpect(jsonPath("$.caption").value("HAL 9000, from 2001: A Space Odyssey"))
-                    .andExpect(jsonPath("$.isPublic").value(true))
+                    .andExpect(jsonPath("$.public").value(true))
                     .andExpect(jsonPath("$.owner.username").value(owner.getUsername()))
                     .andExpect(jsonPath("$.owner.id").value(owner.getId()))
                     .andExpect(jsonPath("$.viewers").value(empty()));
@@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
         body.setAlt("HAL 9000");
         this.mockMvc.perform(
                 post(getImageUrl(owner, image))
@@ -261,7 +264,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
         body.setCaption("HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey");
         this.mockMvc.perform(
                 post(getImageUrl(owner, image))
@@ -279,8 +282,8 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
-        body.setPublic(true);
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
+        body.setIsPublic(true);
         this.mockMvc.perform(
                 post(getImageUrl(owner, image))
                         .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)
@@ -289,7 +292,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         )
                 .andExpect(status().isOk())
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.modified").value(notNullValue()))
-                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.isPublic").value(true));
+                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.public").value(true));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -299,7 +302,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(owner);
 
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
         final Set<String> viewerUsernames = Set.of(viewerToAdd.getUsername());
         body.setViewersToAdd(viewerUsernames);
 
@@ -321,8 +324,9 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final User viewer = this.seedUser();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setViewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer));
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .viewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer))
+                .build();
         this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec);
         return new OwnerViewerImage(owner, viewer, image);
     }
@@ -332,7 +336,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
         final OwnerViewerImage ownerViewerImage = this.prepOwnerViewerImage();
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(ownerViewerImage.owner());
 
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
         body.setViewersToRemove(Set.of(ownerViewerImage.viewer().getUsername()));
 
         this.mockMvc.perform(
@@ -350,7 +354,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
     public void clearAllViewers() throws Exception {
         final OwnerViewerImage ownerViewerImage = this.prepOwnerViewerImage();
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(ownerViewerImage.owner());
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
         body.setClearAllViewers(true);
         this.mockMvc.perform(
                 post(getImageUrl(ownerViewerImage.owner(), ownerViewerImage.image()))
@@ -367,7 +371,7 @@ public class ImageControllerTests {
     public void updateInfoByViewerForbidden() throws Exception {
         final OwnerViewerImage ownerViewerImage = this.prepOwnerViewerImage();
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(ownerViewerImage.viewer()); // viewer
-        final ImageUpdateInfoBody body = new ImageUpdateInfoBody();
+        final ImageUpdateBody body = new ImageUpdateBody();
         this.mockMvc.perform(
                 post(getImageUrl(ownerViewerImage.owner(), ownerViewerImage.image()))
                         .contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/S3ImageServiceTests.java

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.IntegrationTestsExtension;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserCreateException;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserService;
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         return UUID.randomUUID() + ".svg";
     }
 
-    private Image seedImage(User owner, ImageCreateInfoSpec spec) {
+    private Image seedImage(User owner, ImageCreateSpec spec) {
         try (final InputStream hal9000 = getHal9000InputStream()) {
             return this.imageService.create(
                     owner,
@@ -92,12 +92,13 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
     }
 
     private Image seedImage(User owner) {
-        return this.seedImage(owner, new ImageCreateInfoSpec());
+        return this.seedImage(owner, ImageCreateSpec.builder().build());
     }
 
     private Image makePublic(Image image, User modifier) {
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setPublic(true);
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .isPublic(true)
+                .build();
         return this.imageService.update(image, modifier, spec);
     }
 
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         assertThat(image.getMimeType(), is("image/svg+xml"));
         assertThat(image.getAlt(), is(nullValue()));
         assertThat(image.getCaption(), is(nullValue()));
-        assertThat(image.isPublic(), is(false));
+        assertThat(image.getIsPublic(), is(false));
         assertThat(image.getViewers(), is(empty()));
     }
 
@@ -124,7 +125,6 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
         final InputStream content = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> this.imageService.getImageContent(image, owner));
-        //noinspection DataFlowIssue
         final byte[] contentBytes = content.readAllBytes();
         assertThat(contentBytes.length, is((int) HAL_LENGTH));
         content.close();
@@ -135,7 +135,6 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
         final InputStream content = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> this.imageService.getImageContent(image, owner));
-        //noinspection DataFlowIssue
         content.close();
     }
 
@@ -145,7 +144,6 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         final Image seedImage = this.seedImage(owner);
         final Image publicImage = this.makePublic(seedImage, owner);
         final InputStream content = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> this.imageService.getImageContent(publicImage, null));
-        //noinspection DataFlowIssue
         content.close();
     }
 
@@ -154,11 +152,11 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final User viewer = this.seedUser();
         Image seedImage = this.seedImage(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setViewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer));
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .viewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer))
+                .build();
         final Image imageWithViewer = this.imageService.update(seedImage, owner, spec);
         final InputStream content = assertDoesNotThrow(() -> this.imageService.getImageContent(imageWithViewer, viewer));
-        //noinspection DataFlowIssue
         content.close();
     }
 
@@ -183,8 +181,9 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
     public void updateAlt() {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setAlt("HAL 9000");
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .alt("HAL 9000")
+                .build();
         image = this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec);
         assertThat(image.getAlt(), is("HAL 9000"));
     }
@@ -193,8 +192,9 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
     public void updateCaption() {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setCaption("HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey");
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .caption("HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey")
+                .build();
         image = this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec);
         assertThat(image.getCaption(), is("HAL 9000 from 2001: A Space Odyssey"));
     }
@@ -203,15 +203,17 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
     public void updateIsPublic() {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         Image image = this.seedImage(owner);
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setPublic(true);
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .isPublic(true)
+                .build();
         image = this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec);
-        assertThat(image.isPublic(), is(true));
+        assertThat(image.getIsPublic(), is(true));
     }
 
     private Image addViewer(Image image, User owner, User viewer) {
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec0 = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec0.setViewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer));
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec0 = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .viewersToAdd(Set.of(viewer))
+                .build();
         return this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec0);
     }
 
@@ -232,8 +234,9 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         image = this.addViewer(image, owner, viewer);
         assertThat(image.getViewers(), containsUsers(viewer));
 
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec1 = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec1.setViewersToRemove(Set.of(viewer));
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec1 = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .viewersToRemove(Set.of(viewer))
+                .build();
         image = this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec1);
         assertThat(image.getViewers(), empty());
     }
@@ -246,8 +249,9 @@ public class S3ImageServiceTests {
         image = this.addViewer(image, owner, viewer);
         assertThat(image.getViewers(), containsUsers(viewer));
 
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec1 = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec1.setClearAllViewers(true);
+        final ImageUpdateSpec spec1 = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .clearAllViewers(true)
+                .build();
         image = this.imageService.update(image, owner, spec1);
         assertThat(image.getViewers(), empty());
     }

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/JobServiceIntegrationTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.IntegrationTestsExtension;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.job.RecipeInferJobHandler;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.TestConfiguration;
+import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+import org.springframework.test.context.bean.override.mockito.MockitoBean;
+
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import static org.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
+
+@SpringBootTest
+@ExtendWith(IntegrationTestsExtension.class)
+public class JobServiceIntegrationTests {
+
+    @Component
+    private static final class TestJobHandler implements JobHandler<Object> {
+
+        @Override
+        public Class<Object> getPayloadType() {
+            return Object.class;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String getJobKey() {
+            return "TEST_JOB_TYPE";
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void handle(Job job, Object payload) {
+            // no-op
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    @TestConfiguration
+    public static class JobServiceIntegrationTestsConfiguration {
+
+        @Bean
+        public JobHandler<Object> testJobHandler() {
+            return new TestJobHandler();
+        }
+
+    }
+
+    // If not mockito, it will try to load a ChatClient
+    @MockitoBean
+    private RecipeInferJobHandler recipeInferJobHandler;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private JobService jobService;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private JobRepository jobRepository;
+
+    @Test
+    public void smokeScreen() {
+        final Job job = this.jobService.create("TEST_JOB_TYPE", null);
+        await().atMost(1, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(() -> {
+            final Job foundJob = this.jobRepository.findById(job.getId()).orElse(null);
+            if (foundJob == null) {
+                return false;
+            } else {
+                return foundJob.getState().equals(Job.State.DONE);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+}

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeControllerTests.java

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth.LoginException;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageService;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.S3ImageServiceTests;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeCreateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star.RecipeStarService;
@@ -93,14 +93,15 @@ public class RecipeControllerTests {
     }
 
     private Recipe createTestRecipe(User owner, boolean isPublic) {
-        final RecipeCreateSpec spec = new RecipeCreateSpec();
-        spec.setSlug(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
-        spec.setTitle("Test Recipe");
-        spec.setPreparationTime(10);
-        spec.setCookingTime(20);
-        spec.setTotalTime(30);
-        spec.setRawText("# Hello, World!");
-        spec.setPublic(isPublic);
+        final RecipeCreateSpec spec = RecipeCreateSpec.builder()
+                .slug(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
+                .title("Test Recipe")
+                .preparationTime(10)
+                .cookingTime(20)
+                .totalTime(30)
+                .rawText("# Hello, World!")
+                .isPublic(isPublic)
+                .build();
         return this.recipeService.create(owner, spec);
     }
 
@@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ public class RecipeControllerTests {
                     UUID.randomUUID() + ".svg",
                     hal9000,
                     27881L,
-                    new ImageCreateInfoSpec()
+                    ImageCreateSpec.builder().build()
             );
         } catch (Exception e) {
             throw new RuntimeException(e);
@@ -146,7 +147,7 @@ public class RecipeControllerTests {
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.owner.username").value(owner.getUsername()))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.starCount").value(0))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.viewerCount").value(0))
-                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.isPublic").value(true))
+                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.public").value(true))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.mainImage").value(nullValue()))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.isStarred").value(nullValue()))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.isOwner").value(nullValue()));
@@ -225,13 +226,14 @@ public class RecipeControllerTests {
     }
 
     private String getUpdateBody() throws JsonProcessingException {
-        final RecipeUpdateSpec spec = new RecipeUpdateSpec();
-        spec.setTitle("Updated Test Recipe");
-        spec.setPreparationTime(15);
-        spec.setCookingTime(30);
-        spec.setTotalTime(45);
-        spec.setRawText("# Hello, Updated World!");
-        spec.setIsPublic(true);
+        final RecipeUpdateSpec spec = RecipeUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .title("Updated Test Recipe")
+                .preparationTime(15)
+                .cookingTime(30)
+                .totalTime(45)
+                .rawText("# Hello, Updated World!")
+                .isPublic(true)
+                .build();
         return this.objectMapper.writeValueAsString(spec);
     }
 
@@ -259,7 +261,7 @@ public class RecipeControllerTests {
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.owner.username").value(owner.getUsername()))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.starCount").value(0))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.viewerCount").value(0))
-                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.isPublic").value(true))
+                .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.public").value(true))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.recipe.mainImage").value(nullValue()))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.isStarred").value(false))
                 .andExpect(jsonPath("$.isOwner").value(true));
@@ -271,21 +273,25 @@ public class RecipeControllerTests {
 
         final Image hal9000 = this.createHal9000(owner);
 
-        final RecipeCreateSpec createSpec = new RecipeCreateSpec();
-        createSpec.setTitle("Test Recipe");
-        createSpec.setSlug("test-recipe");
-        createSpec.setPublic(false);
-        createSpec.setRawText("# Hello, World!");
-        createSpec.setMainImage(hal9000);
+        final RecipeCreateSpec createSpec = RecipeCreateSpec.builder()
+                .title("Test Recipe")
+                .slug(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
+                .isPublic(false)
+                .rawText("# Hello, World!")
+                .mainImage(hal9000)
+                .build();
         Recipe recipe = this.recipeService.create(owner, createSpec);
 
-        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = new RecipeUpdateSpec();
-        updateSpec.setTitle("Updated Test Recipe");
-        updateSpec.setRawText("# Hello, Updated World!");
-        final RecipeUpdateSpec.MainImageUpdateSpec mainImageUpdateSpec = new RecipeUpdateSpec.MainImageUpdateSpec();
-        mainImageUpdateSpec.setUsername(hal9000.getOwner().getUsername());
-        mainImageUpdateSpec.setFilename(hal9000.getUserFilename());
-        updateSpec.setMainImage(mainImageUpdateSpec);
+        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = RecipeUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .title("Updated Test Recipe")
+                .rawText("# Hello, Updated World!")
+                .mainImage(
+                        RecipeUpdateSpec.MainImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                                .username(hal9000.getOwner().getUsername())
+                                .filename(hal9000.getUserFilename())
+                                .build()
+                )
+                .build();
         final String body = this.objectMapper.writeValueAsString(updateSpec);
 
         final String accessToken = this.getAccessToken(owner);

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeServiceTests.java

@@ -24,8 +24,7 @@ import java.util.UUID;
 import static app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.ContainsRecipeInfoViewsForRecipesMatcher.containsRecipeInfoViewsForRecipes;
 import static app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.ContainsRecipesMatcher.containsRecipes;
 import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
-import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
-import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.not;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 
@@ -58,11 +57,12 @@ public class RecipeServiceTests {
     }
 
     private Recipe createTestRecipe(@Nullable User owner, boolean isPublic) {
-        final RecipeCreateSpec spec = new RecipeCreateSpec();
-        spec.setSlug(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
-        spec.setTitle("My Recipe");
-        spec.setRawText("Hello!");
-        spec.setPublic(isPublic);
+        final RecipeCreateSpec spec = RecipeCreateSpec.builder()
+                .slug(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
+                .title("My Recipe")
+                .rawText("Hello!")
+                .isPublic(isPublic)
+                .build();
         return this.recipeService.create(owner, spec);
     }
 
@@ -80,7 +80,9 @@ public class RecipeServiceTests {
 
     @Test
     public void createWithoutOwnerThrowsAccessDenied() {
-        assertThrows(AccessDeniedException.class, () -> this.recipeService.create(null, new RecipeCreateSpec()));
+        assertThrows(AccessDeniedException.class, () -> this.recipeService.create(
+                null, RecipeCreateSpec.builder().build()
+        ));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -156,8 +158,9 @@ public class RecipeServiceTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final User viewer = this.seedUser();
         final Recipe notYetPublicRecipe = this.createTestRecipe(owner);
-        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = new RecipeUpdateSpec(notYetPublicRecipe);
-        updateSpec.setIsPublic(true);
+        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = RecipeUpdateSpec.fromRecipeToBuilder(notYetPublicRecipe)
+                .isPublic(true)
+                .build();
         final Recipe publicRecipe = this.recipeService.update(
                 notYetPublicRecipe.getOwner().getUsername(),
                 notYetPublicRecipe.getSlug(),
@@ -284,14 +287,16 @@ public class RecipeServiceTests {
     @Test
     public void updateRawText() throws RecipeException, ImageException {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
-        final RecipeCreateSpec createSpec = new RecipeCreateSpec();
-        createSpec.setSlug("my-recipe");
-        createSpec.setTitle("My Recipe");
-        createSpec.setRawText("# A Heading");
+        final RecipeCreateSpec createSpec = RecipeCreateSpec.builder()
+                .slug(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
+                .title("My Recipe")
+                .rawText("# A Heading")
+                .build();
         Recipe recipe = this.recipeService.create(owner, createSpec);
         final String newRawText = "# A Heading\n## A Subheading";
-        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = new RecipeUpdateSpec(recipe);
-        updateSpec.setRawText(newRawText);
+        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = RecipeUpdateSpec.fromRecipeToBuilder(recipe)
+                .rawText(newRawText)
+                .build();
         recipe = this.recipeService.update(
                 recipe.getOwner().getUsername(),
                 recipe.getSlug(),
@@ -306,8 +311,9 @@ public class RecipeServiceTests {
         final User owner = this.seedUser();
         final User notOwner = this.seedUser();
         final Recipe recipe = this.createTestRecipe(owner);
-        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = new RecipeUpdateSpec();
-        updateSpec.setRawText("should fail");
+        final RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec = RecipeUpdateSpec.fromRecipeToBuilder(recipe)
+                .rawText("should fail")
+                .build();
         assertThrows(
                 AccessDeniedException.class,
                 () -> this.recipeService.update(
@@ -335,4 +341,13 @@ public class RecipeServiceTests {
         assertThrows(AccessDeniedException.class, () -> this.recipeService.deleteRecipe(toDelete.getId(), notOwner));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    public void createDraftReturnsDefaultRecipeDraft() {
+        final User owner = this.seedUser();
+        final RecipeDraft recipeDraft = this.recipeService.createDraft(owner);
+        assertThat(recipeDraft.getCreated(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(recipeDraft.getState(), is(RecipeDraft.State.ENTER_DATA));
+        assertThat(recipeDraft.getOwner(), is(owner));
+    }
+
 }

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/job/RecipeInferJobIntegrationTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.job;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.IntegrationTestsExtension;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file.File;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file.FileService;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeDraft;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeService;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserCreateException;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserService;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
+import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
+import org.springframework.test.context.DynamicPropertyRegistry;
+import org.springframework.test.context.DynamicPropertySource;
+import org.testcontainers.containers.MinIOContainer;
+import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Container;
+import org.testcontainers.junit.jupiter.Testcontainers;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.UUID;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import static org.awaitility.Awaitility.await;
+import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.is;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.notNullValue;
+
+@SpringBootTest
+@ExtendWith(IntegrationTestsExtension.class)
+@Testcontainers
+public class RecipeInferJobIntegrationTests {
+
+    @Container
+    private static final MinIOContainer minioContainer = new MinIOContainer("minio/minio:latest");
+
+    @DynamicPropertySource
+    public static void minioProperties(DynamicPropertyRegistry registry) {
+        registry.add("app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.endpoint", minioContainer::getS3URL);
+        registry.add("app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.accessKey", minioContainer::getUserName);
+        registry.add("app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.secretKey", minioContainer::getPassword);
+    }
+
+    @Autowired
+    private UserService userService;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private RecipeService recipeService;
+
+    @Autowired
+    private FileService fileService;
+
+    @Test
+    public void enqueueJobAndWait() throws UserCreateException, IOException {
+        final String ownerName = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
+        final User owner = this.userService.createUser(
+                ownerName,
+                ownerName + "@test.com",
+                "test-pass"
+        );
+        final File sourceFile = this.fileService.create(
+                RecipeInferJobIntegrationTests.class.getResourceAsStream("recipe.jpeg"),
+                "recipe.jpeg",
+                127673L,
+                owner
+        );
+        final RecipeDraft draft = this.recipeService.createAiDraft(sourceFile, owner);
+
+        await().atMost(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS).until(() -> {
+            final RecipeDraft foundDraft = this.recipeService.getDraftById(draft.getId());
+            return foundDraft.getState().equals(RecipeDraft.State.ENTER_DATA);
+        });
+
+        final RecipeDraft draftWithInference = this.recipeService.getDraftById(draft.getId());
+
+        assertThat(draftWithInference.getInferences(), is(notNullValue()));
+        final List<RecipeDraft.RecipeDraftInference> inferences = draftWithInference.getInferences();
+
+        assertThat(inferences.size(), is(1));
+        final RecipeDraft.RecipeDraftInference inference = inferences.getFirst();
+        assertThat(inference.getTitle(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(inference.getRawText(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(inference.getInferredAt(), is(notNullValue()));
+    }
+
+}

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/star/RecipeStarRepositoryTests.java

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public class RecipeStarRepositoryTests {
         final RecipeStar starDraft = new RecipeStar();
         final RecipeStarId starId = new RecipeStarId();
         starId.setRecipeId(recipe.getId());
-        starId.getOwnerId(owner.getId());
+        starId.setOwnerId(owner.getId());
         starDraft.setId(starId);
         this.recipeStarRepository.save(starDraft);
 

src/integrationTest/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/star/RecipeStarServiceTests.java

@@ -44,11 +44,12 @@ public class RecipeStarServiceTests {
     }
 
     private Recipe seedRecipe(User owner) {
-        final RecipeCreateSpec spec = new RecipeCreateSpec();
-        spec.setSlug(UUID.randomUUID().toString());
-        spec.setTitle("Test Recipe");
-        spec.setRawText("My great recipe has five ingredients.");
-        spec.setPublic(true);
+        final RecipeCreateSpec spec = RecipeCreateSpec.builder()
+                .slug(UUID.randomUUID().toString())
+                .title("Test Recipe")
+                .rawText("My great recipe has five ingredients.")
+                .isPublic(true)
+                .build();
         return this.recipeService.create(owner, spec);
     }
 

src/integrationTest/resources/application.properties

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.endpoint=http://localhost:9000
 app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.accessKey=minio-root
 app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.secretKey=test0123
 app.mealsmadeeasy.api.images.bucketName=images
+app.mealsmadeeasy.api.files.bucketName=files
 
 # Source - https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3164072/large-objects-may-not-be-used-in-auto-commit-mode
 # Posted by Iogui, modified by community. See post 'Timeline' for change history

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/BackfillRecipeEmbeddings.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.Recipe;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeEmbeddingEntity;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeEmbedding;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeRepository;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeService;
 import org.slf4j.Logger;
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public class BackfillRecipeEmbeddings implements ApplicationRunner {
             final String toEmbed = "<h1>" + recipe.getTitle() + "</h1>" + renderedMarkdown;
             final float[] embedding = this.embeddingModel.embed(toEmbed);
 
-            final RecipeEmbeddingEntity recipeEmbedding = new RecipeEmbeddingEntity();
+            final RecipeEmbedding recipeEmbedding = new RecipeEmbedding();
             recipeEmbedding.setRecipe(recipe);
             recipeEmbedding.setEmbedding(embedding);
             recipeEmbedding.setTimestamp(OffsetDateTime.now());

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/DevConfiguration.java

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageService;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.Recipe;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeService;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeCreateSpec;
@@ -82,10 +82,11 @@ public class DevConfiguration {
                             rawFrontMatter, RecipeFrontMatter.class
                     );
 
-                    final ImageCreateInfoSpec imageCreateSpec = new ImageCreateInfoSpec();
-                    imageCreateSpec.setAlt(frontMatter.mainImage.alt);
-                    imageCreateSpec.setCaption(frontMatter.mainImage.caption);
-                    imageCreateSpec.setPublic(frontMatter.mainImage.isPublic);
+                    final ImageCreateSpec imageCreateSpec = ImageCreateSpec.builder()
+                            .alt(frontMatter.mainImage.alt)
+                            .caption(frontMatter.mainImage.caption)
+                            .isPublic(frontMatter.mainImage.isPublic)
+                            .build();
                     final Path givenPath = Path.of(frontMatter.mainImage.src);
                     final Path resolvedPath = Path.of("dev-data", "images").resolve(givenPath);
                     final Image mainImage;
@@ -101,12 +102,13 @@ public class DevConfiguration {
                         logger.info("Created mainImage {} for {}", mainImage, recipePath);
                     }
 
-                    final RecipeCreateSpec recipeCreateSpec = new RecipeCreateSpec();
-                    recipeCreateSpec.setSlug(frontMatter.slug);
-                    recipeCreateSpec.setTitle(frontMatter.title);
-                    recipeCreateSpec.setRawText(rawRecipeText);
-                    recipeCreateSpec.setPublic(frontMatter.isPublic);
-                    recipeCreateSpec.setMainImage(mainImage);
+                    final RecipeCreateSpec recipeCreateSpec = RecipeCreateSpec.builder()
+                            .slug(frontMatter.slug)
+                            .title(frontMatter.title)
+                            .rawText(rawRecipeText)
+                            .isPublic(frontMatter.isPublic)
+                            .mainImage(mainImage)
+                            .build();
                     final Recipe recipe = this.recipeService.create(testUser, recipeCreateSpec);
                     logger.info("Created recipe {}", recipe);
                 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/AuthServiceImpl.java

@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class AuthServiceImpl implements AuthService {
     }
 
     private RefreshToken createRefreshToken(User principal) {
-        final RefreshTokenEntity refreshTokenDraft = new RefreshTokenEntity();
+        final RefreshToken refreshTokenDraft = new RefreshToken();
         refreshTokenDraft.setToken(UUID.randomUUID());
         refreshTokenDraft.setIssued(OffsetDateTime.now());
         refreshTokenDraft.setExpiration(OffsetDateTime.now().plusSeconds(this.refreshTokenLifetime));
@@ -75,15 +75,15 @@ public class AuthServiceImpl implements AuthService {
             throw new LoginException(LoginExceptionReason.NO_REFRESH_TOKEN, "No refresh token provided.");
         }
 
-        final RefreshTokenEntity old = this.refreshTokenRepository.findByToken(refreshToken)
+        final RefreshToken old = this.refreshTokenRepository.findByToken(refreshToken)
                 .orElseThrow(() -> new LoginException(
                         LoginExceptionReason.INVALID_REFRESH_TOKEN,
                         "No such refresh token: " + refreshToken
                 ));
-        if (old.isRevoked() || old.isDeleted()) {
+        if (old.getRevoked() || old.getDeleted()) {
             throw new LoginException(LoginExceptionReason.INVALID_REFRESH_TOKEN, "Invalid refresh token.");
         }
-        if (old.getExpires().isBefore(OffsetDateTime.now())) {
+        if (old.getExpiration().isBefore(OffsetDateTime.now())) {
             throw new LoginException(LoginExceptionReason.EXPIRED_REFRESH_TOKEN, "Refresh token is expired.");
         }
 

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/LoginBody.java

@@ -1,24 +1,9 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
 
-public final class LoginBody {
+import lombok.Data;
 
+@Data
+public class LoginBody {
     private String username;
     private String password;
-
-    public String getUsername() {
-        return this.username;
-    }
-
-    public void setUsername(String username) {
-        this.username = username;
-    }
-
-    public String getPassword() {
-        return this.password;
-    }
-
-    public void setPassword(String password) {
-        this.password = password;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/LoginDetails.java

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.security.AuthToken;
+import lombok.Getter;
 
-public final class LoginDetails {
+@Getter
+public class LoginDetails {
 
     private final String username;
     private final AuthToken accessToken;
@@ -14,16 +16,4 @@ public final class LoginDetails {
         this.refreshToken = refreshToken;
     }
 
-    public String getUsername() {
-        return this.username;
-    }
-
-    public AuthToken getAccessToken() {
-        return this.accessToken;
-    }
-
-    public RefreshToken getRefreshToken() {
-        return this.refreshToken;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/LoginException.java

@@ -1,6 +1,9 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
 
-public final class LoginException extends Exception {
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@Getter
+public class LoginException extends Exception {
 
     private final LoginExceptionReason reason;
 
@@ -14,8 +17,4 @@ public final class LoginException extends Exception {
         this.reason = reason;
     }
 
-    public LoginExceptionReason getReason() {
-        return this.reason;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/LoginExceptionView.java

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
 
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@Getter
 public class LoginExceptionView {
 
     private final LoginExceptionReason reason;
@@ -10,12 +13,4 @@ public class LoginExceptionView {
         this.message = message;
     }
 
-    public LoginExceptionReason getReason() {
-        return this.reason;
-    }
-
-    public String getMessage() {
-        return this.message;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/LoginView.java

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
 
+import lombok.Getter;
+
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 
-public final class LoginView {
+@Getter
+public class LoginView {
 
     private final String username;
     private final String accessToken;
@@ -14,16 +17,4 @@ public final class LoginView {
         this.expires = expires;
     }
 
-    public String getUsername() {
-        return this.username;
-    }
-
-    public String getAccessToken() {
-        return this.accessToken;
-    }
-
-    public LocalDateTime getExpires() {
-        return this.expires;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/RefreshToken.java

@@ -1,13 +1,40 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
 
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import lombok.Data;
+
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-public interface RefreshToken {
-    UUID getToken();
-    long getLifetime();
-    OffsetDateTime getExpires();
-    OffsetDateTime getIssued();
-    boolean isRevoked();
-    boolean isDeleted();
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "refresh_token")
+@Data
+public class RefreshToken {
+
+    @Id
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private UUID token;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime issued;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime expiration;
+
+    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
+    @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
+    private User owner;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private Boolean deleted = false;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private Boolean revoked = false;
+
+    public long getLifetime() {
+        return ChronoUnit.SECONDS.between(this.issued, this.expiration);
+    }
+
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/RefreshTokenEntity.java

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.auth;
-
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import jakarta.persistence.*;
-
-import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
-import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
-import java.util.UUID;
-
-@Entity(name = "RefreshToken")
-@Table(name = "refresh_token")
-public class RefreshTokenEntity implements RefreshToken {
-
-    @Id
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private UUID token;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private OffsetDateTime issued;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private OffsetDateTime expiration;
-
-    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
-    @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
-    private User owner;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private Boolean deleted = false;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private Boolean revoked = false;
-
-    @Override
-    public UUID getToken() {
-        return this.token;
-    }
-
-    public void setToken(UUID token) {
-        this.token = token;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public OffsetDateTime getIssued() {
-        return this.issued;
-    }
-
-    public void setIssued(OffsetDateTime issued) {
-        this.issued = issued;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public OffsetDateTime getExpires() {
-        return this.expiration;
-    }
-
-    public void setExpiration(OffsetDateTime expiration) {
-        this.expiration = expiration;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isRevoked() {
-        return this.revoked;
-    }
-
-    public void setRevoked(boolean revoked) {
-        this.revoked = revoked;
-    }
-
-    public User getOwner() {
-        return this.owner;
-    }
-
-    public void setOwner(User owner) {
-        this.owner = owner;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isDeleted() {
-        return this.deleted;
-    }
-
-    public void setDeleted(boolean deleted) {
-        this.deleted = deleted;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public long getLifetime() {
-        return ChronoUnit.SECONDS.between(this.issued, this.expiration);
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/auth/RefreshTokenRepository.java

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
 import java.util.Optional;
 import java.util.UUID;
 
-public interface RefreshTokenRepository extends JpaRepository<RefreshTokenEntity, Long> {
+public interface RefreshTokenRepository extends JpaRepository<RefreshToken, UUID> {
 
-    Optional<RefreshTokenEntity> findByToken(UUID token);
+    Optional<RefreshToken> findByToken(UUID token);
 
     @Modifying
     @Transactional

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/file/File.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import lombok.Data;
+
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "file")
+@Data
+public class File {
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.UUID)
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private UUID id;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime created;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String userFilename;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private String mimeType;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private String objectName;
+
+    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
+    @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
+    private User owner;
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/file/FileRepository.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file;
+
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+public interface FileRepository extends JpaRepository<File, UUID> {}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/file/FileService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.s3.S3Manager;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.util.MimeTypeService;
+import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+@Service
+public class FileService {
+
+    private final FileRepository fileRepository;
+    private final S3Manager s3Manager;
+    private final MimeTypeService mimeTypeService;
+    private final String filesBucket;
+
+    public FileService(
+            FileRepository fileRepository,
+            S3Manager s3Manager,
+            MimeTypeService mimeTypeService,
+            @Value("${app.mealsmadeeasy.api.files.bucketName}") String filesBucket
+    ) {
+        this.fileRepository = fileRepository;
+        this.s3Manager = s3Manager;
+        this.mimeTypeService = mimeTypeService;
+        this.filesBucket = filesBucket;
+    }
+
+    public File create(
+            InputStream fileContent,
+            String userFilename,
+            long fileSize,
+            User owner
+    ) throws IOException {
+        final UUID uuid = UUID.randomUUID();
+        final String mimeType = this.mimeTypeService.getMimeType(userFilename);
+        final String filename = uuid + "." + this.mimeTypeService.getExtension(mimeType);
+
+        final String objectName = this.s3Manager.store(
+                this.filesBucket,
+                filename,
+                mimeType,
+                fileContent,
+                fileSize
+        );
+
+        final var file = new File();
+        file.setCreated(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        file.setUserFilename(userFilename);
+        file.setMimeType(mimeType);
+        file.setObjectName(objectName);
+        file.setOwner(owner);
+
+        return this.fileRepository.save(file);
+    }
+
+    public InputStream getFileContentById(UUID fileId) throws IOException {
+        final File file = this.fileRepository.findById(fileId).orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "File with id " + fileId + " not found"
+        ));
+        return this.s3Manager.load(this.filesBucket, file.getObjectName());
+    }
+
+    public File getById(UUID id) {
+        return this.fileRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new IllegalArgumentException(
+                "File with id " + id + " not found"
+        ));
+    }
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/Image.java

@@ -1,22 +1,58 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import lombok.Data;
 
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-public interface Image {
-    Integer getId();
-    OffsetDateTime getCreated();
-    @Nullable OffsetDateTime getModified();
-    String getUserFilename();
-    String getMimeType();
-    @Nullable String getAlt();
-    @Nullable String getCaption();
-    User getOwner();
-    boolean isPublic();
-    @Nullable Integer getHeight();
-    @Nullable Integer getWidth();
-    Set<User> getViewers();
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "image")
+@Data
+public class Image {
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private Integer id;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime created = OffsetDateTime.now();
+
+    private OffsetDateTime modified;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String userFilename;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String mimeType;
+
+    private String alt;
+
+    private String caption;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String objectName;
+
+    private Integer height;
+
+    private Integer width;
+
+    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
+    @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
+    private User owner;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private Boolean isPublic = false;
+
+    @ManyToMany
+    @JoinTable(
+            name = "image_viewer",
+            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "image_id"),
+            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "viewer_id")
+    )
+    private Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>();
+
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/ImageController.java

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
 
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.body.ImageUpdateInfoBody;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.body.ImageUpdateBody;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.UserService;
@@ -34,27 +34,25 @@ public class ImageController {
         this.userService = userService;
     }
 
-    private ImageUpdateInfoSpec getImageUpdateSpec(ImageUpdateInfoBody body) {
-        final ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec = new ImageUpdateInfoSpec();
-        spec.setAlt(body.getAlt());
-        spec.setCaption(body.getCaption());
-        spec.setPublic(body.getPublic());
+    private ImageUpdateSpec getImageUpdateSpec(ImageUpdateBody body) {
+        final var builder = ImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .alt(body.getAlt())
+                .caption(body.getCaption())
+                .isPublic(body.getIsPublic())
+                .clearAllViewers(body.getClearAllViewers());
         if (body.getViewersToAdd() != null) {
-            spec.setViewersToAdd(
-                    body.getViewersToAdd().stream()
+            builder.viewersToAdd(body.getViewersToAdd().stream()
                     .map(this.userService::getUser)
                     .collect(Collectors.toSet())
             );
         }
         if (body.getViewersToRemove() != null) {
-            spec.setViewersToRemove(
-                    body.getViewersToRemove().stream()
+            builder.viewersToRemove(body.getViewersToRemove().stream()
                     .map(this.userService::getUser)
                     .collect(Collectors.toSet())
             );
         }
-        spec.setClearAllViewers(body.getClearAllViewers());
-        return spec;
+        return builder.build();
     }
 
     @ExceptionHandler
@@ -97,19 +95,20 @@ public class ImageController {
         if (principal == null) {
             throw new AccessDeniedException("Must be logged in.");
         }
-        final ImageCreateInfoSpec createSpec = new ImageCreateInfoSpec();
-        createSpec.setAlt(alt);
-        createSpec.setCaption(caption);
-        createSpec.setPublic(isPublic);
+        final var specBuilder = ImageCreateSpec.builder()
+                .alt(alt)
+                .caption(caption)
+                .isPublic(isPublic);
+
         if (viewers != null) {
-            createSpec.setViewersToAdd(viewers.stream().map(this.userService::getUser).collect(Collectors.toSet()));
+            specBuilder.viewersToAdd(viewers.stream().map(this.userService::getUser).collect(Collectors.toSet()));
         }
         final Image saved = this.imageService.create(
                 principal,
                 filename,
                 image.getInputStream(),
                 image.getSize(),
-                createSpec
+                specBuilder.build()
         );
         return ResponseEntity.status(201).body(this.imageService.toImageView(saved, principal));
     }
@@ -119,7 +118,7 @@ public class ImageController {
             @AuthenticationPrincipal User principal,
             @PathVariable String username,
             @PathVariable String filename,
-            @RequestBody ImageUpdateInfoBody body
+            @RequestBody ImageUpdateBody body
     ) throws ImageException {
         if (principal == null) {
             throw new AccessDeniedException("Must be logged in.");

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/ImageRepository.java

@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
-public interface S3ImageRepository extends JpaRepository<S3ImageEntity, Long> {
+public interface ImageRepository extends JpaRepository<Image, Integer> {
 
     @Query("SELECT image FROM Image image WHERE image.id = ?1")
     @EntityGraph(attributePaths = { "viewers" })
-    S3ImageEntity getByIdWithViewers(long id);
+    Image getByIdWithViewers(Integer id);
 
-    List<S3ImageEntity> findAllByOwner(User owner);
-    Optional<S3ImageEntity> findByOwnerAndUserFilename(User owner, String filename);
+    List<Image> findAllByOwner(User owner);
+    Optional<Image> findByOwnerAndUserFilename(User owner, String filename);
 
     @Query("SELECT image from Image image WHERE image.owner.username = ?1 AND image.userFilename = ?2")
-    Optional<S3ImageEntity> findByOwnerUsernameAndFilename(String username, String filename);
+    Optional<Image> findByOwnerUsernameAndFilename(String username, String filename);
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/ImageSecurityImpl.java

@@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ import java.util.Objects;
 @Component("imageSecurity")
 public class ImageSecurityImpl implements ImageSecurity {
 
-    private final S3ImageRepository imageRepository;
+    private final ImageRepository imageRepository;
 
-    public ImageSecurityImpl(S3ImageRepository imageRepository) {
+    public ImageSecurityImpl(ImageRepository imageRepository) {
         this.imageRepository = imageRepository;
     }
 
     @Override
     public boolean isViewableBy(Image image, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        if (image.isPublic()) {
+        if (image.getIsPublic()) {
             // public image
             return true;
         } else if (viewer == null) {
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public class ImageSecurityImpl implements ImageSecurity {
             return true;
         } else {
             // check if viewer
-            final S3ImageEntity withViewers = this.imageRepository.getByIdWithViewers(image.getId());
+            final Image withViewers = this.imageRepository.getByIdWithViewers(image.getId());
             for (final User user : withViewers.getViewers()) {
                 if (user.getId() != null && user.getId().equals(viewer.getId())) {
                     return true;

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/ImageService.java

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
 
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
@@ -12,17 +12,17 @@ import java.util.List;
 
 public interface ImageService {
 
-    Image create(User owner, String userFilename, InputStream inputStream, long objectSize, ImageCreateInfoSpec infoSpec)
+    Image create(User owner, String userFilename, InputStream inputStream, long objectSize, ImageCreateSpec infoSpec)
             throws IOException, ImageException;
 
-    Image getById(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws ImageException;
+    Image getById(Integer id, @Nullable User viewer) throws ImageException;
     Image getByOwnerAndFilename(User owner, String filename, User viewer) throws ImageException;
     Image getByUsernameAndFilename(String username, String filename, User viewer) throws ImageException;
 
     InputStream getImageContent(Image image, @Nullable User viewer) throws IOException;
     List<Image> getImagesOwnedBy(User user);
 
-    Image update(Image image, User modifier, ImageUpdateInfoSpec spec);
+    Image update(Image image, User modifier, ImageUpdateSpec spec);
 
     void deleteImage(Image image, User modifier) throws IOException;
 

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/S3ImageEntity.java

@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
-
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import jakarta.persistence.*;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-@Entity(name = "Image")
-@Table(name = "image")
-public class S3ImageEntity implements Image {
-
-    @Id
-    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
-    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
-    private Integer id;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private OffsetDateTime created = OffsetDateTime.now();
-
-    private OffsetDateTime modified;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private String userFilename;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private String mimeType;
-
-    private String alt;
-
-    private String caption;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private String objectName;
-
-    private Integer height;
-
-    private Integer width;
-
-    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
-    @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
-    private User owner;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private Boolean isPublic = false;
-
-    @ManyToMany
-    @JoinTable(
-            name = "image_viewer",
-            joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "image_id"),
-            inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "viewer_id")
-    )
-    private Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>();
-
-    @Override
-    public Integer getId() {
-        return this.id;
-    }
-
-    public void setId(Integer id) {
-        this.id = id;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public OffsetDateTime getCreated() {
-        return this.created;
-    }
-
-    public void setCreated(OffsetDateTime created) {
-        this.created = created;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable OffsetDateTime getModified() {
-        return this.modified;
-    }
-
-    public void setModified(OffsetDateTime modified) {
-        this.modified = modified;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String getUserFilename() {
-        return this.userFilename;
-    }
-
-    public void setUserFilename(String userFilename) {
-        this.userFilename = userFilename;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String getMimeType() {
-        return this.mimeType;
-    }
-
-    public void setMimeType(String mimeType) {
-        this.mimeType = mimeType;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable String getAlt() {
-        return this.alt;
-    }
-
-    public void setAlt(String alt) {
-        this.alt = alt;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable String getCaption() {
-        return this.caption;
-    }
-
-    public void setCaption(String caption) {
-        this.caption = caption;
-    }
-
-    public String getObjectName() {
-        return this.objectName;
-    }
-
-    public void setObjectName(String objectName) {
-        this.objectName = objectName;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable Integer getHeight() {
-        return this.height;
-    }
-
-    public void setHeight(Integer height) {
-        this.height = height;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public @Nullable Integer getWidth() {
-        return this.width;
-    }
-
-    public void setWidth(Integer width) {
-        this.width = width;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public User getOwner() {
-        return this.owner;
-    }
-
-    public void setOwner(User owner) {
-        this.owner = owner;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setPublic(Boolean aPublic) {
-        isPublic = aPublic;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Set<User> getViewers() {
-        return Set.copyOf(this.viewers);
-    }
-
-    public Set<User> getViewerEntities() {
-        return this.viewers;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewers(Set<User> viewers) {
-        this.viewers = viewers;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return "S3ImageEntity(" + this.id + ", " + this.userFilename + ", " + this.objectName + ")";
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/S3ImageService.java

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image;
 
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateInfoSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateInfoSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageCreateSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec.ImageUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.s3.S3Manager;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.util.MimeTypeService;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
 import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PostAuthorize;
@@ -19,66 +20,31 @@ import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 import java.util.*;
-import java.util.regex.Matcher;
-import java.util.regex.Pattern;
 
 @Service
 public class S3ImageService implements ImageService {
 
-    private static final Pattern extensionPattern = Pattern.compile(".+\\.(.+)$");
-
-    private static final String IMAGE_JPEG =  "image/jpeg";
-    private static final String IMAGE_PNG = "image/png";
-    private static final String IMAGE_SVG = "image/svg+xml";
-    private static final String IMAGE_WEBP = "image/webp";
-
     private final S3Manager s3Manager;
-    private final S3ImageRepository imageRepository;
+    private final ImageRepository imageRepository;
     private final String imageBucketName;
     private final String baseUrl;
+    private final MimeTypeService mimeTypeService;
 
     public S3ImageService(
             S3Manager s3Manager,
-            S3ImageRepository imageRepository,
+            ImageRepository imageRepository,
             @Value("${app.mealsmadeeasy.api.images.bucketName}") String imageBucketName,
-            @Value("${app.mealsmadeeasy.api.baseUrl}") String baseUrl
+            @Value("${app.mealsmadeeasy.api.baseUrl}") String baseUrl,
+            MimeTypeService mimeTypeService
     ) {
         this.s3Manager = s3Manager;
         this.imageRepository = imageRepository;
         this.imageBucketName = imageBucketName;
         this.baseUrl = baseUrl;
+        this.mimeTypeService = mimeTypeService;
     }
 
-    private String getMimeType(String userFilename) {
-        final Matcher m = extensionPattern.matcher(userFilename);
-        if (m.matches()) {
-            final String extension = m.group(1);
-            return switch (extension) {
-                case "jpg", "jpeg" -> IMAGE_JPEG;
-                case "png" -> IMAGE_PNG;
-                case "svg" -> IMAGE_SVG;
-                case "webp" -> IMAGE_WEBP;
-                default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot determine mime type for extension: " + extension);
-            };
-        } else {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot determine mime type for filename: " + userFilename);
-        }
-    }
-
-    private String getExtension(String mimeType) throws ImageException {
-        return switch (mimeType) {
-            case IMAGE_JPEG -> "jpg";
-            case IMAGE_PNG -> "png";
-            case IMAGE_SVG -> "svg";
-            case IMAGE_WEBP -> "webp";
-            default -> throw new ImageException(
-                    ImageException.Type.UNSUPPORTED_IMAGE_TYPE,
-                    "Unsupported mime type: " + mimeType
-            );
-        };
-    }
-
-    private boolean transferFromSpec(S3ImageEntity entity, ImageCreateInfoSpec spec) {
+    private boolean transferFromCreateSpec(Image entity, ImageCreateSpec spec) {
         boolean didTransfer = false;
         if (spec.getAlt() != null) {
             entity.setAlt(spec.getAlt());
@@ -88,22 +54,55 @@ public class S3ImageService implements ImageService {
             entity.setCaption(spec.getCaption());
             didTransfer = true;
         }
-        if (spec.getPublic() != null) {
-            entity.setPublic(spec.getPublic());
+        if (spec.getIsPublic() != null) {
+            entity.setIsPublic(spec.getIsPublic());
             didTransfer = true;
         }
         final @Nullable Set<User> viewersToAdd = spec.getViewersToAdd();
         if (viewersToAdd != null) {
-            final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewerEntities());
-            for (final User viewerToAdd : spec.getViewersToAdd()) {
-                viewers.add((User) viewerToAdd);
-            }
+            final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
+            viewers.addAll(spec.getViewersToAdd());
             entity.setViewers(viewers);
             didTransfer = true;
         }
         return didTransfer;
     }
 
+    private boolean transferFromUpdateSpec(Image entity, ImageUpdateSpec spec) {
+        boolean didTransfer = false;
+        if (spec.getAlt() != null) {
+            entity.setAlt(spec.getAlt());
+            didTransfer = true;
+        }
+        if (spec.getCaption() != null) {
+            entity.setCaption(spec.getCaption());
+            didTransfer = true;
+        }
+        if (spec.getIsPublic() != null) {
+            entity.setIsPublic(spec.getIsPublic());
+            didTransfer = true;
+        }
+        final @Nullable Set<User> viewersToAdd = spec.getViewersToAdd();
+        if (viewersToAdd != null) {
+            final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
+            viewers.addAll(spec.getViewersToAdd());
+            entity.setViewers(viewers);
+            didTransfer = true;
+        }
+        final @Nullable Set<User> viewersToRemove = spec.getViewersToRemove();
+        if (viewersToRemove != null) {
+            final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
+            viewers.removeAll(spec.getViewersToRemove());
+            entity.setViewers(viewers);
+            didTransfer = true;
+        }
+        if (spec.getClearAllViewers() != null && spec.getClearAllViewers()) {
+            entity.setViewers(new HashSet<>());
+            didTransfer = true;
+        }
+        return didTransfer;
+    }
+
     /**
      * @apiNote Consumes and closes the {@link java.io.InputStream}.
      *
@@ -122,11 +121,11 @@ public class S3ImageService implements ImageService {
             String userFilename,
             InputStream inputStream,
             long objectSize,
-            ImageCreateInfoSpec createSpec
+            ImageCreateSpec createSpec
     ) throws IOException, ImageException {
-        final String mimeType = this.getMimeType(userFilename);
+        final String mimeType = this.mimeTypeService.getMimeType(userFilename);
         final String uuid = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
-        final String extension = this.getExtension(mimeType);
+        final String extension = this.mimeTypeService.getExtension(mimeType);
         final String filename = uuid + "." + extension;
 
         final var baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
@@ -152,20 +151,20 @@ public class S3ImageService implements ImageService {
         toStore.close();
         inputStream.close();
 
-        final S3ImageEntity draft = new S3ImageEntity();
-        draft.setOwner((User) owner);
+        final Image draft = new Image();
+        draft.setOwner(owner);
         draft.setUserFilename(userFilename);
         draft.setMimeType(mimeType);
         draft.setObjectName(objectName);
         draft.setHeight(height);
         draft.setWidth(width);
-        this.transferFromSpec(draft, createSpec);
+        this.transferFromCreateSpec(draft, createSpec);
         return this.imageRepository.save(draft);
     }
 
     @Override
     @PostAuthorize("@imageSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
-    public Image getById(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws ImageException {
+    public Image getById(Integer id, @Nullable User viewer) throws ImageException {
         return this.imageRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new ImageException(
                 ImageException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No Image with id: " + id
         ));
@@ -195,7 +194,7 @@ public class S3ImageService implements ImageService {
     @Override
     @PreAuthorize("@imageSecurity.isViewableBy(#image, #viewer)")
     public InputStream getImageContent(Image image, User viewer) throws IOException {
-        return this.s3Manager.load(this.imageBucketName, ((S3ImageEntity) image).getObjectName());
+        return this.s3Manager.load(this.imageBucketName, ((Image) image).getObjectName());
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -205,36 +204,19 @@ public class S3ImageService implements ImageService {
 
     @Override
     @PreAuthorize("@imageSecurity.isOwner(#image, #modifier)")
-    public Image update(final Image image, User modifier, ImageUpdateInfoSpec updateSpec) {
-        S3ImageEntity entity = (S3ImageEntity) image;
-        boolean didUpdate = this.transferFromSpec(entity, updateSpec);
-        final @Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers = updateSpec.getClearAllViewers();
-        if (clearAllViewers != null && clearAllViewers) {
-            entity.setViewers(new HashSet<>());
-            didUpdate = true;
-        } else {
-            final @Nullable Set<User> viewersToRemove = updateSpec.getViewersToRemove();
-            if (viewersToRemove != null) {
-                final Set<User> currentViewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewerEntities());
-                for (final User toRemove : updateSpec.getViewersToRemove()) {
-                    currentViewers.remove((User) toRemove);
-                }
-                entity.setViewers(currentViewers);
-                didUpdate = true;
-            }
-        }
+    public Image update(final Image image, User modifier, ImageUpdateSpec updateSpec) {
+        final boolean didUpdate = this.transferFromUpdateSpec(image, updateSpec);
         if (didUpdate) {
-            entity.setModified(OffsetDateTime.now());
+            image.setModified(OffsetDateTime.now());
         }
-        return this.imageRepository.save(entity);
+        return this.imageRepository.save(image);
     }
 
     @Override
     @PreAuthorize("@imageSecurity.isOwner(#image, #modifier)")
     public void deleteImage(Image image, User modifier) throws IOException {
-        final S3ImageEntity imageEntity = (S3ImageEntity) image;
-        this.imageRepository.delete(imageEntity);
-        this.s3Manager.delete("images", imageEntity.getObjectName());
+        this.imageRepository.delete(image);
+        this.s3Manager.delete("images", image.getObjectName());
     }
 
     private String getImageUrl(Image image) {

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/body/ImageUpdateBody.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.body;
+
+import lombok.Data;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+
+@Data
+public class ImageUpdateBody {
+    private @Nullable String alt;
+    private @Nullable String caption;
+    private @Nullable Boolean isPublic;
+    private @Nullable Set<String> viewersToAdd;
+    private @Nullable Set<String> viewersToRemove;
+    private @Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers;
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/body/ImageUpdateInfoBody.java

@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.body;
-
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.Set;
-
-public class ImageUpdateInfoBody {
-
-    private @Nullable String alt;
-    private @Nullable String caption;
-    private @Nullable Boolean isPublic;
-    private @Nullable Set<String> viewersToAdd;
-    private @Nullable Set<String> viewersToRemove;
-    private @Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers;
-
-    public @Nullable String getAlt() {
-        return this.alt;
-    }
-
-    public void setAlt(@Nullable String alt) {
-        this.alt = alt;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getCaption() {
-        return this.caption;
-    }
-
-    public void setCaption(@Nullable String caption) {
-        this.caption = caption;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Boolean getPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setPublic(@Nullable Boolean aPublic) {
-        isPublic = aPublic;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Set<String> getViewersToAdd() {
-        return this.viewersToAdd;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewersToAdd(@Nullable Set<String> viewersToAdd) {
-        this.viewersToAdd = viewersToAdd;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Set<String> getViewersToRemove() {
-        return this.viewersToRemove;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewersToRemove(@Nullable Set<String> viewersToRemove) {
-        this.viewersToRemove = viewersToRemove;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Boolean getClearAllViewers() {
-        return this.clearAllViewers;
-    }
-
-    public void setClearAllViewers(@Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers) {
-        this.clearAllViewers = clearAllViewers;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/spec/ImageCreateInfoSpec.java

@@ -1,48 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec;
-
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-public class ImageCreateInfoSpec {
-
-    private @Nullable String alt;
-    private @Nullable String caption;
-    private @Nullable Boolean isPublic;
-    private @Nullable Set<User> viewersToAdd = new HashSet<>();
-
-    public @Nullable String getAlt() {
-        return this.alt;
-    }
-
-    public void setAlt(@Nullable String alt) {
-        this.alt = alt;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getCaption() {
-        return this.caption;
-    }
-
-    public void setCaption(@Nullable String caption) {
-        this.caption = caption;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Boolean getPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setPublic(@Nullable Boolean aPublic) {
-        isPublic = aPublic;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Set<User> getViewersToAdd() {
-        return this.viewersToAdd;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewersToAdd(@Nullable Set<User> viewersToAdd) {
-        this.viewersToAdd = viewersToAdd;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/spec/ImageCreateSpec.java

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+
+@Value
+@Builder
+public class ImageCreateSpec {
+    @Nullable String alt;
+    @Nullable String caption;
+    @Nullable Boolean isPublic;
+    @Nullable Set<User> viewersToAdd;
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/spec/ImageUpdateInfoSpec.java

@@ -1,29 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec;
-
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.util.Set;
-
-public class ImageUpdateInfoSpec extends ImageCreateInfoSpec {
-
-    private @Nullable Set<User> viewersToRemove;
-    private @Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers;
-
-    public @Nullable Set<User> getViewersToRemove() {
-        return this.viewersToRemove;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewersToRemove(@Nullable Set<User> viewersToRemove) {
-        this.viewersToRemove = viewersToRemove;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Boolean getClearAllViewers() {
-        return this.clearAllViewers;
-    }
-
-    public void setClearAllViewers(@Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers) {
-        this.clearAllViewers = clearAllViewers;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/spec/ImageUpdateSpec.java

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.spec;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.util.Set;
+
+@Value
+@Builder
+public class ImageUpdateSpec {
+    @Nullable String alt;
+    @Nullable String caption;
+    @Nullable Boolean isPublic;
+    @Nullable Set<User> viewersToAdd;
+    @Nullable Set<User> viewersToRemove;
+    @Nullable Boolean clearAllViewers;
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/view/ImageExceptionView.java

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view;
-
-public class ImageExceptionView {
-
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/image/view/ImageView.java

@@ -2,143 +2,52 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.view.UserInfoView;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 import java.util.Set;
 import java.util.stream.Collectors;
 
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class ImageView {
 
     public static ImageView from(Image image, String url, boolean includeViewers) {
-        final ImageView view = new ImageView();
-        view.setUrl(url);
-        view.setCreated(image.getCreated());
-        view.setModified(image.getModified());
-        view.setFilename(image.getUserFilename());
-        view.setMimeType(image.getMimeType());
-        view.setAlt(image.getAlt());
-        view.setCaption(image.getCaption());
-        view.setOwner(UserInfoView.from(image.getOwner()));
-        view.setIsPublic(image.isPublic());
-        view.setHeight(image.getHeight());
-        view.setWidth(image.getWidth());
+        final var builder = ImageView.builder()
+                .url(url)
+                .created(image.getCreated())
+                .modified(image.getModified())
+                .filename(image.getUserFilename())
+                .mimeType(image.getMimeType())
+                .alt(image.getAlt())
+                .caption(image.getCaption())
+                .owner(UserInfoView.from(image.getOwner()))
+                .isPublic(image.getIsPublic())
+                .height(image.getHeight())
+                .width(image.getWidth());
         if (includeViewers) {
-            view.setViewers(image.getViewers().stream()
+            builder.viewers(
+                    image.getViewers().stream()
                             .map(UserInfoView::from)
                             .collect(Collectors.toSet())
             );
         }
-        return view;
+        return builder.build();
     }
 
-    private String url;
-    private OffsetDateTime created;
-    private @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
-    private String filename;
-    private String mimeType;
-    private @Nullable String alt;
-    private @Nullable String caption;
-    private UserInfoView owner;
-    private boolean isPublic;
-    private @Nullable Integer height;
-    private @Nullable Integer width;
-    private @Nullable Set<UserInfoView> viewers;
-
-    public String getUrl() {
-        return this.url;
-    }
-
-    public void setUrl(String url) {
-        this.url = url;
-    }
-
-    public OffsetDateTime getCreated() {
-        return this.created;
-    }
-
-    public void setCreated(OffsetDateTime created) {
-        this.created = created;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable OffsetDateTime getModified() {
-        return this.modified;
-    }
-
-    public void setModified(@Nullable OffsetDateTime modified) {
-        this.modified = modified;
-    }
-
-    public String getFilename() {
-        return this.filename;
-    }
-
-    public void setFilename(String filename) {
-        this.filename = filename;
-    }
-
-    public String getMimeType() {
-        return this.mimeType;
-    }
-
-    public void setMimeType(String mimeType) {
-        this.mimeType = mimeType;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getAlt() {
-        return this.alt;
-    }
-
-    public void setAlt(@Nullable String alt) {
-        this.alt = alt;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getCaption() {
-        return this.caption;
-    }
-
-    public void setCaption(@Nullable String caption) {
-        this.caption = caption;
-    }
-
-    public UserInfoView getOwner() {
-        return this.owner;
-    }
-
-    public void setOwner(UserInfoView owner) {
-        this.owner = owner;
-    }
-
-    public boolean getIsPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setIsPublic(boolean isPublic) {
-        this.isPublic = isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getHeight() {
-        return this.height;
-    }
-
-    public void setHeight(Integer height) {
-        this.height = height;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getWidth() {
-        return this.width;
-    }
-
-    public void setWidth(Integer width) {
-        this.width = width;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Set<UserInfoView> getViewers() {
-        return this.viewers;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewers(@Nullable Set<UserInfoView> viewers) {
-        this.viewers = viewers;
-    }
+    String url;
+    OffsetDateTime created;
+    @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
+    String filename;
+    String mimeType;
+    @Nullable String alt;
+    @Nullable String caption;
+    UserInfoView owner;
+    boolean isPublic;
+    @Nullable Integer height;
+    @Nullable Integer width;
+    @Nullable Set<UserInfoView> viewers;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/Job.java

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import io.hypersistence.utils.hibernate.type.json.JsonBinaryType;
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import lombok.Data;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Type;
+
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "job")
+@Data
+public class Job {
+
+    public enum State {
+        QUEUED, RUNNING, DONE, FAILED, DEAD
+    }
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.UUID)
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private UUID id;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime created;
+
+    private OffsetDateTime modified;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    @Enumerated(EnumType.STRING)
+    private State state;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private String jobKey;
+
+    @Type(JsonBinaryType.class)
+    @Column(nullable = false, columnDefinition = "jsonb")
+    private JsonNode payload;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private Integer attempts;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private Integer maxAttempts;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime runAfter;
+
+    private String lockedBy;
+
+    private OffsetDateTime lockedAt;
+
+    @Lob
+    @Column(columnDefinition = "TEXT")
+    @Basic(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
+    private String lastError;
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/JobEntity.java

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
-
-import jakarta.persistence.Column;
-import jakarta.persistence.GeneratedValue;
-import jakarta.persistence.GenerationType;
-import jakarta.persistence.Id;
-
-public class JobEntity {
-
-    @Id
-    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
-    @Column(nullable = false, updatable = false)
-    private Long id;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private String key;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false, columnDefinition = "jsonb")
-    private String payload;
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/JobHandler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
+
+public interface JobHandler<T> {
+    Class<T> getPayloadType();
+    String getJobKey();
+    void handle(Job job, T payload);
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/JobRepository.java

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
+
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
+
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+public interface JobRepository extends JpaRepository<Job, UUID> {
+
+    @Query(value = """
+        WITH cte AS (
+            SELECT id FROM job WHERE state = 'QUEUED' AND run_after <= now() ORDER BY run_after, created
+            FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED LIMIT 1
+        )
+        UPDATE job j
+        SET state = 'RUNNING',
+            locked_by = ?1,
+            locked_at = now(),
+            modified = now()
+        FROM cte
+        WHERE j.id = cte.id
+        RETURNING j.*
+    """, nativeQuery = true)
+    Optional<Job> claimNext(String lockedBy);
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/JobService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.JsonNode;
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import jakarta.transaction.Transactional;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
+import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.io.PrintWriter;
+import java.io.StringWriter;
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;
+
+@Service
+public class JobService {
+
+    private final ApplicationContext applicationContext;
+    private final JobRepository jobRepository;
+    private final ObjectMapper objectMapper;
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+    private Map<String, JobHandler> jobHandlers;
+
+    public JobService(ApplicationContext applicationContext, JobRepository jobRepository, ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
+        this.applicationContext = applicationContext;
+        this.jobRepository = jobRepository;
+        this.objectMapper = objectMapper;
+    }
+
+    public Job create(String jobType, @Nullable Object payload) {
+        return this.create(jobType, payload, 10, OffsetDateTime.now());
+    }
+
+    public Job create(String jobType, @Nullable Object payload, int maxAttempts, OffsetDateTime runAfter) {
+        final var job = new Job();
+        job.setCreated(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        job.setState(Job.State.QUEUED);
+        job.setJobKey(jobType);
+        job.setPayload(this.objectMapper.convertValue(payload, JsonNode.class));
+        job.setAttempts(0);
+        job.setMaxAttempts(maxAttempts);
+        job.setRunAfter(runAfter);
+        return this.jobRepository.save(job);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("rawtypes")
+    private void initJobHandlers() {
+        final Map<String, JobHandler> handlersByBeanName = this.applicationContext.getBeansOfType(JobHandler.class);
+        this.jobHandlers = new HashMap<>(handlersByBeanName);
+        for (final var jobHandler : handlersByBeanName.values()) {
+            this.jobHandlers.put(jobHandler.getJobKey(), jobHandler);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked,rawtypes")
+    @Scheduled(fixedDelay = 200)
+    @Transactional
+    public void runOneJob() {
+        final Optional<Job> nextJob = this.jobRepository.claimNext(Thread.currentThread().getName());
+        if (nextJob.isPresent()) {
+            if (this.jobHandlers == null) {
+                this.initJobHandlers();
+            }
+            final Job job = nextJob.get();
+            final JobHandler jobHandler = this.jobHandlers.get(job.getJobKey());
+            if (jobHandler == null) {
+                throw new RuntimeException("There is no registered job handler for " + job.getJobKey());
+            }
+            final Object payload = this.objectMapper.convertValue(
+                    job.getPayload(),
+                    jobHandler.getPayloadType()
+            );
+            try {
+                jobHandler.handle(job, payload);
+                job.setState(Job.State.DONE);
+                job.setModified(OffsetDateTime.now());
+                job.setLockedBy(null);
+                job.setLockedAt(null);
+                this.jobRepository.save(job);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                final int attemptCount = job.getAttempts() + 1;
+                final boolean isDead = attemptCount >= job.getMaxAttempts();
+                final OffsetDateTime runAfter = isDead
+                        ? OffsetDateTime.now()
+                        : OffsetDateTime.now().plusSeconds(getBackoffSeconds(attemptCount));
+                final String lastError = formatException(e);
+
+                job.setState(isDead ? Job.State.DEAD : Job.State.QUEUED);
+                job.setAttempts(attemptCount);
+                job.setRunAfter(runAfter);
+                job.setLastError(lastError);
+                job.setModified(OffsetDateTime.now());
+                job.setLockedBy(null);
+                job.setLockedAt(null);
+
+                this.jobRepository.save(job);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static long getBackoffSeconds(int attemptCount) {
+        final long base = (long) Math.min(300, Math.pow(2, attemptCount));
+        final long jitter = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextLong(0, 5);
+        return base + jitter;
+    }
+
+    private static String formatException(Exception e) {
+        final var sw = new StringWriter();
+        e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(sw));
+        final String s = sw.toString();
+        return s.length() <= 8000 ? s : s.substring(0, 8000);
+    }
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/jwt/JwtServiceImpl.java

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.jwt;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.security.AuthToken;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.security.SimpleAuthToken;
 import io.jsonwebtoken.JwtException;
 import io.jsonwebtoken.Jwts;
 import io.jsonwebtoken.io.Serializer;
@@ -43,7 +42,7 @@ public final class JwtServiceImpl implements JwtService {
                 .signWith(this.secretKey)
                 .json(this.serializer)
                 .compact();
-        return new SimpleAuthToken(
+        return new AuthToken(
                 token,
                 this.accessTokenLifetime,
                 LocalDateTime.ofInstant(expires, ZoneId.systemDefault())

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/Recipe.java

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
 
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.S3ImageEntity;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment.RecipeComment;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star.RecipeStar;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@ import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Set;
 
-@Entity(name = "Recipe")
+@Entity
 @Data
-public final class Recipe {
+public class Recipe {
 
     @Id
     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
@@ -75,9 +75,10 @@ public final class Recipe {
 
     @ManyToOne
     @JoinColumn(name = "main_image_id")
-    private S3ImageEntity mainImage;
+    @Nullable
+    private Image mainImage;
 
     @OneToOne(mappedBy = "recipe", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = CascadeType.ALL, orphanRemoval = true)
-    private RecipeEmbeddingEntity embedding;
+    private RecipeEmbedding embedding;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeController.java

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageException;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body.RecipeAiSearchBody;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body.RecipeSearchBody;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body.RecipeUpdateBody;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment.RecipeComment;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment.RecipeCommentCreateBody;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment.RecipeCommentService;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment.RecipeCommentView;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeAiSearchSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeUpdateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star.RecipeStar;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star.RecipeStarService;
@@ -94,10 +95,11 @@ public class RecipeController {
             @PathVariable String username,
             @PathVariable String slug,
             @RequestParam(defaultValue = "true") boolean includeRawText,
-            @RequestBody RecipeUpdateSpec updateSpec,
+            @RequestBody RecipeUpdateBody updateBody,
             @AuthenticationPrincipal User principal
     ) throws ImageException, RecipeException {
-        final Recipe updated = this.recipeService.update(username, slug, updateSpec, principal);
+        final RecipeUpdateSpec spec = RecipeUpdateSpec.from(updateBody);
+        final Recipe updated = this.recipeService.update(username, slug, spec, principal);
         final FullRecipeView view = this.recipeService.toFullRecipeView(updated, includeRawText, principal);
         return ResponseEntity.ok(this.getFullViewWrapper(username, slug, view, principal));
     }
@@ -117,9 +119,9 @@ public class RecipeController {
             @AuthenticationPrincipal User user
     ) {
         if (recipeSearchBody.getType() == RecipeSearchBody.Type.AI_PROMPT) {
-            final RecipeAiSearchSpec spec = this.objectMapper.convertValue(
+            final RecipeAiSearchBody spec = this.objectMapper.convertValue(
                     recipeSearchBody.getData(),
-                    RecipeAiSearchSpec.class
+                    RecipeAiSearchBody.class
             );
             final List<RecipeInfoView> results = this.recipeService.aiSearch(spec, user);
             return ResponseEntity.ok(Map.of("results", results));

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeDraft.java

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import io.hypersistence.utils.hibernate.type.json.JsonBinaryType;
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import lombok.Data;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Type;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "recipe_draft")
+@Data
+public class RecipeDraft {
+
+    public enum State {
+        INFER,
+        ENTER_DATA
+    }
+
+    @Data
+    public static class RecipeDraftInference {
+        private OffsetDateTime inferredAt;
+        private String title;
+        private String rawText;
+    }
+
+    @Id
+    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.UUID)
+    @Column(nullable = false, unique = true, updatable = false)
+    private UUID id;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime created;
+    private @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private State state;
+
+    private @Nullable String slug;
+    private @Nullable String title;
+    private @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
+    private @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
+    private @Nullable Integer totalTime;
+    private @Nullable String rawText;
+
+    @ManyToOne(optional = false)
+    @JoinColumn(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
+    private User owner;
+
+    @ManyToOne
+    @JoinColumn(name = "main_image_id")
+    private @Nullable Image mainImage;
+
+    @Type(JsonBinaryType.class)
+    @Column(columnDefinition = "jsonb")
+    private @Nullable List<RecipeDraftInference> inferences;
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeDraftRepository.java

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
+
+import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+public interface RecipeDraftRepository extends JpaRepository<RecipeDraft, UUID> {}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeEmbedding.java

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
+
+import jakarta.persistence.*;
+import lombok.Data;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.Array;
+import org.hibernate.annotations.JdbcTypeCode;
+import org.hibernate.type.SqlTypes;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+
+@Entity
+@Table(name = "recipe_embedding")
+@Data
+public class RecipeEmbedding {
+
+    @Id
+    private Integer id;
+
+    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, optional = false)
+    @MapsId
+    @JoinColumn(name = "recipe_id")
+    private Recipe recipe;
+
+    @JdbcTypeCode(SqlTypes.VECTOR)
+    @Array(length = 1024)
+    @Nullable
+    private float[] embedding;
+
+    @Column(nullable = false)
+    private OffsetDateTime timestamp;
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeEmbeddingEntity.java

@@ -1,63 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
-
-import jakarta.persistence.*;
-import org.hibernate.annotations.Array;
-import org.hibernate.annotations.JdbcTypeCode;
-import org.hibernate.type.SqlTypes;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-
-import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
-
-@Entity
-@Table(name = "recipe_embedding")
-public class RecipeEmbeddingEntity {
-
-    @Id
-    private Integer id;
-
-    @OneToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, optional = false)
-    @MapsId
-    @JoinColumn(name = "recipe_id")
-    private Recipe recipe;
-
-    @JdbcTypeCode(SqlTypes.VECTOR)
-    @Array(length = 1024)
-    @Nullable
-    private float[] embedding;
-
-    @Column(nullable = false)
-    private OffsetDateTime timestamp;
-
-    public Integer getId() {
-        return this.id;
-    }
-
-    public void setId(Integer id) {
-        this.id = id;
-    }
-
-    public Recipe getRecipe() {
-        return this.recipe;
-    }
-
-    public void setRecipe(Recipe recipe) {
-        this.recipe = recipe;
-    }
-
-    public float[] getEmbedding() {
-        return this.embedding;
-    }
-
-    public void setEmbedding(float[] embedding) {
-        this.embedding = embedding;
-    }
-
-    public OffsetDateTime getTimestamp() {
-        return this.timestamp;
-    }
-
-    public void setTimestamp(OffsetDateTime timestamp) {
-        this.timestamp = timestamp;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeRepository.java

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.Query;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Optional;
 
-public interface RecipeRepository extends JpaRepository<Recipe, Long> {
+public interface RecipeRepository extends JpaRepository<Recipe, Integer> {
 
     List<Recipe> findAllByIsPublicIsTrue();
 

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeSecurity.java

@@ -2,12 +2,82 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+
+import java.util.Objects;
+
+@Component
+public class RecipeSecurity {
+
+    private final RecipeRepository recipeRepository;
+
+    public RecipeSecurity(RecipeRepository recipeRepository) {
+        this.recipeRepository = recipeRepository;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOwner(Recipe recipe, User user) {
+        return recipe.getOwner() != null && recipe.getOwner().getId().equals(user.getId());
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOwner(Integer recipeId, User user) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findById(recipeId).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID,
+                "No such Recipe with id " + recipeId
+        ));
+        return this.isOwner(recipe, user);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isOwner(String username, String slug, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug).orElseThrow(
+                () -> new RecipeException(
+                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
+                        "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug " + slug
+                )
+        );
+        return this.isOwner(recipe, user);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isViewableBy(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
+        if (recipe.getIsPublic()) {
+            // public recipe
+            return true;
+        } else if (user == null) {
+            // a non-public recipe with no principal
+            return false;
+        } else if (Objects.equals(recipe.getOwner().getId(), user.getId())) {
+            // is owner
+            return true;
+        } else {
+            // check if viewer
+            final Recipe withViewers = this.recipeRepository.findByIdWithViewers(recipe.getId())
+                    .orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                            RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe with id: " + recipe.getId()
+                    ));
+            for (final User viewer : withViewers.getViewers()) {
+                if (viewer.getId() != null && viewer.getId().equals(user.getId())) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        // non-public recipe and not viewer
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public boolean isViewableBy(String ownerUsername, String slug, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(ownerUsername, slug)
+                .orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
+                        "No such Recipe for username " + ownerUsername + " and slug: " + slug
+                ));
+        return this.isViewableBy(recipe, user);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isViewableBy(Integer recipeId, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findById(recipeId).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID,
+                "No such Recipe with id: " + recipeId
+        ));
+        return this.isViewableBy(recipe, user);
+    }
 
-public interface RecipeSecurity {
-    boolean isOwner(Recipe recipe, User user);
-    boolean isOwner(long recipeId, User user) throws RecipeException;
-    boolean isOwner(String username, String slug, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException;
-    boolean isViewableBy(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException;
-    boolean isViewableBy(String ownerUsername, String slug, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException;
-    boolean isViewableBy(long recipeId, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException;
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeSecurityImpl.java

@@ -1,89 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
-
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
-import java.util.Objects;
-
-@Component("recipeSecurity")
-public class RecipeSecurityImpl implements RecipeSecurity {
-
-    private final RecipeRepository recipeRepository;
-
-    public RecipeSecurityImpl(RecipeRepository recipeRepository) {
-        this.recipeRepository = recipeRepository;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isOwner(Recipe recipe, User user) {
-        return recipe.getOwner() != null && recipe.getOwner().getId().equals(user.getId());
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isOwner(long recipeId, User user) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findById(recipeId).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID,
-                "No such Recipe with id " + recipeId
-        ));
-        return this.isOwner(recipe, user);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isOwner(String username, String slug, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug).orElseThrow(
-                () -> new RecipeException(
-                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
-                        "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug " + slug
-                )
-        );
-        return this.isOwner(recipe, user);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isViewableBy(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
-        if (recipe.getIsPublic()) {
-            // public recipe
-            return true;
-        } else if (user == null) {
-            // a non-public recipe with no principal
-            return false;
-        } else if (Objects.equals(recipe.getOwner().getId(), user.getId())) {
-            // is owner
-            return true;
-        } else {
-            // check if viewer
-            final Recipe withViewers = this.recipeRepository.findByIdWithViewers(recipe.getId())
-                    .orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                            RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe with id: " + recipe.getId()
-                    ));
-            for (final User viewer : withViewers.getViewers()) {
-                if (viewer.getId() != null && viewer.getId().equals(user.getId())) {
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        // non-public recipe and not viewer
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isViewableBy(String ownerUsername, String slug, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(ownerUsername, slug)
-                .orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
-                        "No such Recipe for username " + ownerUsername + " and slug: " + slug
-                ));
-        return this.isViewableBy(recipe, user);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean isViewableBy(long recipeId, @Nullable User user) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findById(recipeId).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID,
-                "No such Recipe with id: " + recipeId
-        ));
-        return this.isViewableBy(recipe, user);
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeService.java

@@ -1,63 +1,366 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
 
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file.File;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageException;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeAiSearchSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageService;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job.JobService;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.markdown.MarkdownService;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body.RecipeAiSearchBody;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.job.RecipeInferJobHandler;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.job.RecipeInferJobPayload;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeCreateSpec;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeUpdateSpec;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star.RecipeStarRepository;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.view.FullRecipeView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.view.RecipeInfoView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import jakarta.transaction.Transactional;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Contract;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingModel;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Slice;
+import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PostAuthorize;
+import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
 
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
+import java.util.UUID;
 
-public interface RecipeService {
+@Service
+public class RecipeService {
 
-    Recipe create(@Nullable User owner, RecipeCreateSpec spec);
+    private final RecipeRepository recipeRepository;
+    private final RecipeStarRepository recipeStarRepository;
+    private final ImageService imageService;
+    private final MarkdownService markdownService;
+    private final EmbeddingModel embeddingModel;
+    private final RecipeDraftRepository recipeDraftRepository;
+    private final JobService jobService;
 
-    Recipe getById(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException;
-    Recipe getByIdWithStars(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException;
-    Recipe getByUsernameAndSlug(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException;
+    public RecipeService(
+            RecipeRepository recipeRepository,
+            RecipeStarRepository recipeStarRepository,
+            ImageService imageService,
+            MarkdownService markdownService,
+            EmbeddingModel embeddingModel,
+            RecipeDraftRepository recipeDraftRepository,
+            JobService jobService
+    ) {
+        this.recipeRepository = recipeRepository;
+        this.recipeStarRepository = recipeStarRepository;
+        this.imageService = imageService;
+        this.markdownService = markdownService;
+        this.embeddingModel = embeddingModel;
+        this.recipeDraftRepository = recipeDraftRepository;
+        this.jobService = jobService;
+    }
 
-    FullRecipeView getFullViewById(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException;
-    FullRecipeView getFullViewByUsernameAndSlug(
+    public Recipe create(@Nullable User owner, RecipeCreateSpec spec) {
+        if (owner == null) {
+            throw new AccessDeniedException("Must be logged in.");
+        }
+        final Recipe draft = new Recipe();
+        draft.setCreated(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        draft.setOwner(owner);
+        draft.setSlug(spec.getSlug());
+        draft.setTitle(spec.getTitle());
+        draft.setRawText(spec.getRawText());
+        draft.setMainImage(spec.getMainImage());
+        draft.setIsPublic(spec.isPublic());
+        return this.recipeRepository.save(draft);
+    }
+
+    private Recipe findRecipeEntity(Integer id) throws RecipeException {
+        return this.recipeRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe with id: " + id
+        ));
+    }
+
+    @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
+    public Recipe getById(Integer id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+        return this.findRecipeEntity(id);
+    }
+
+    @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
+    public Recipe getByIdWithStars(Integer id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+        return this.recipeRepository.findByIdWithStars(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID,
+                "No such Recipe with id: " + id
+        ));
+    }
+
+    @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
+    public Recipe getByUsernameAndSlug(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+        return this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
+                "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug " + slug
+        ));
+    }
+
+    @ApiStatus.Internal
+    public String getRenderedMarkdown(Recipe entity) {
+        if (entity.getCachedRenderedText() == null) {
+            entity.setCachedRenderedText(this.markdownService.renderAndCleanMarkdown(entity.getRawText()));
+            entity = this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
+        }
+        return entity.getCachedRenderedText();
+    }
+
+    private int getStarCount(Recipe recipe) {
+        return this.recipeRepository.getStarCount(recipe.getId());
+    }
+
+    private int getViewerCount(long recipeId) {
+        return this.recipeRepository.getViewerCount(recipeId);
+    }
+
+    @Contract("null, _ -> null")
+    private @Nullable ImageView getImageView(@Nullable Image image, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        if (image != null) {
+            return this.imageService.toImageView(image, viewer);
+        } else {
+            return null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private FullRecipeView getFullView(Recipe recipe, boolean includeRawText, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        return FullRecipeView.from(
+                recipe,
+                this.getRenderedMarkdown(recipe),
+                includeRawText,
+                this.getStarCount(recipe),
+                this.getViewerCount(recipe.getId()),
+                this.getImageView(recipe.getMainImage(), viewer)
+        );
+    }
+
+    private RecipeInfoView getInfoView(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        return RecipeInfoView.from(
+                recipe,
+                this.getStarCount(recipe),
+                this.getImageView(recipe.getMainImage(), viewer)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#id, #viewer)")
+    public FullRecipeView getFullViewById(Integer id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe for id: " + id
+        ));
+        return this.getFullView(recipe, false, viewer);
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#username, #slug, #viewer)")
+    public FullRecipeView getFullViewByUsernameAndSlug(
             String username,
             String slug,
             boolean includeRawText,
             @Nullable User viewer
-    ) throws RecipeException;
+    ) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug)
+                .orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
+                        "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug: " + slug
+                ));
+        return this.getFullView(recipe, includeRawText, viewer);
+    }
 
-    Slice<RecipeInfoView> getInfoViewsViewableBy(Pageable pageable, @Nullable User viewer);
-    List<Recipe> getByMinimumStars(long minimumStars, @Nullable User viewer);
-    List<Recipe> getPublicRecipes();
-    List<Recipe> getRecipesViewableBy(User viewer);
-    List<Recipe> getRecipesOwnedBy(User owner);
+    public Slice<RecipeInfoView> getInfoViewsViewableBy(Pageable pageable, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        return this.recipeRepository.findAllViewableBy(viewer, pageable).map(recipe ->
+                this.getInfoView(recipe, viewer)
+        );
+    }
 
-    List<RecipeInfoView> aiSearch(RecipeAiSearchSpec searchSpec, @Nullable User viewer);
+    public List<Recipe> getByMinimumStars(long minimumStars, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        return List.copyOf(
+                this.recipeRepository.findAllViewableByStarsGreaterThanEqual(minimumStars, viewer)
+        );
+    }
 
-    Recipe update(String username, String slug, RecipeUpdateSpec spec, User modifier)
-            throws RecipeException, ImageException;
+    public List<Recipe> getPublicRecipes() {
+        return List.copyOf(this.recipeRepository.findAllByIsPublicIsTrue());
+    }
 
-    Recipe addViewer(long id, User modifier, User viewer) throws RecipeException;
-    Recipe removeViewer(long id, User modifier, User viewer) throws RecipeException;
-    Recipe clearAllViewers(long id, User modifier) throws RecipeException;
+    public List<Recipe> getRecipesViewableBy(User viewer) {
+        return List.copyOf(this.recipeRepository.findAllByViewersContaining(viewer));
+    }
 
-    void deleteRecipe(long id, User modifier);
+    public List<Recipe> getRecipesOwnedBy(User owner) {
+        return List.copyOf(this.recipeRepository.findAllByOwner(owner));
+    }
 
-    FullRecipeView toFullRecipeView(Recipe recipe, boolean includeRawText, @Nullable User viewer);
-    RecipeInfoView toRecipeInfoView(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User viewer);
+    public List<RecipeInfoView> aiSearch(RecipeAiSearchBody searchSpec, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        final float[] queryEmbedding = this.embeddingModel.embed(searchSpec.getPrompt());
+        final List<Recipe> results;
+        if (viewer == null) {
+            results = this.recipeRepository.searchByEmbeddingAndIsPublic(queryEmbedding, 0.5f);
+        } else {
+            results = this.recipeRepository.searchByEmbeddingAndViewableBy(queryEmbedding, 0.5f, viewer.getId());
+        }
+        return results.stream()
+                .map(recipeEntity -> this.getInfoView(recipeEntity, viewer))
+                .toList();
+    }
 
+    private void prepareForUpdate(RecipeUpdateSpec spec, Recipe recipe, User modifier) throws ImageException {
+        boolean didUpdate = false;
+        if (spec.getTitle() != null) {
+            recipe.setTitle(spec.getTitle());
+            didUpdate = true;
+        }
+        if (spec.getPreparationTime() != null) {
+            recipe.setPreparationTime(spec.getPreparationTime());
+            didUpdate = true;
+        }
+        if (spec.getCookingTime() != null) {
+            recipe.setCookingTime(spec.getCookingTime());
+            didUpdate = true;
+        }
+        if (spec.getTotalTime() != null) {
+            recipe.setTotalTime(spec.getTotalTime());
+            didUpdate = true;
+        }
+
+        if (spec.getRawText() != null) {
+            recipe.setRawText(spec.getRawText());
+            recipe.setCachedRenderedText(null);
+            didUpdate = true;
+        }
+
+        if (spec.getIsPublic() != null) {
+            recipe.setIsPublic(spec.getIsPublic());
+            didUpdate = true;
+        }
+
+        // TODO: we have to think about how to unset the main image vs. just leaving it out of the request
+        if (spec.getMainImage() != null) {
+            final Image mainImage = this.imageService.getByUsernameAndFilename(
+                    spec.getMainImage().getUsername(),
+                    spec.getMainImage().getFilename(),
+                    modifier
+            );
+            recipe.setMainImage(mainImage);
+        }
+
+        if (didUpdate) {
+            recipe.setModified(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        }
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#username, #slug, #modifier)")
+    public Recipe update(String username, String slug, RecipeUpdateSpec spec, User modifier)
+            throws RecipeException, ImageException {
+        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug).orElseThrow(() ->
+                new RecipeException(
+                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
+                        "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug: " + slug
+                )
+        );
+        this.prepareForUpdate(spec, recipe, modifier);
+        return this.recipeRepository.save(recipe);
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
+    public Recipe addViewer(Integer id, User modifier, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe entity = this.recipeRepository.findByIdWithViewers(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
+                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe with id: " + id
+        ));
+        final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
+        viewers.add(viewer);
+        entity.setViewers(viewers);
+        return this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
+    public Recipe removeViewer(Integer id, User modifier, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe entity = this.findRecipeEntity(id);
+        final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
+        viewers.remove(viewer);
+        entity.setViewers(viewers);
+        return this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
+    public Recipe clearAllViewers(Integer id, User modifier) throws RecipeException {
+        final Recipe entity = this.findRecipeEntity(id);
+        entity.setViewers(new HashSet<>());
+        return this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
+    public void deleteRecipe(Integer id, User modifier) {
+        this.recipeRepository.deleteById(id);
+    }
+
+    public FullRecipeView toFullRecipeView(Recipe recipe, boolean includeRawText, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        return this.getFullView(recipe, includeRawText, viewer);
+    }
+
+    public RecipeInfoView toRecipeInfoView(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        return this.getInfoView(recipe, viewer);
+    }
+
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#username, #slug, #viewer)")
     @Contract("_, _, null -> null")
-    @Nullable Boolean isStarer(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer);
+    public @Nullable Boolean isStarer(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        if (viewer == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return this.recipeStarRepository.isStarer(username, slug, viewer.getId());
+    }
 
+    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#username, #slug, #viewer)")
     @Contract("_, _, null -> null")
-    @Nullable Boolean isOwner(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer);
+    public @Nullable Boolean isOwner(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) {
+        if (viewer == null) {
+            return null;
+        }
+        return viewer.getUsername().equals(username);
+    }
 
-    @ApiStatus.Internal
-    String getRenderedMarkdown(Recipe entity);
+    public RecipeDraft createDraft(User owner) {
+        final var recipeDraft = new RecipeDraft();
+        recipeDraft.setState(RecipeDraft.State.ENTER_DATA);
+        recipeDraft.setCreated(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        recipeDraft.setOwner(owner);
+        return this.recipeDraftRepository.save(recipeDraft);
+    }
+
+    @Transactional
+    public RecipeDraft createAiDraft(File sourceFile, User owner) {
+        final var recipeDraft = new RecipeDraft();
+        recipeDraft.setState(RecipeDraft.State.INFER);
+        recipeDraft.setCreated(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        recipeDraft.setOwner(owner);
+
+        final var saved = this.recipeDraftRepository.save(recipeDraft);
+
+        this.jobService.create(
+                RecipeInferJobHandler.JOB_KEY,
+                new RecipeInferJobPayload(saved.getId(), sourceFile.getId()),
+                1,
+                OffsetDateTime.now()
+        );
+
+        return saved;
+    }
+
+    public RecipeDraft getDraftById(UUID id) {
+        return this.recipeDraftRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RuntimeException(
+                "RecipeDraft with id " + id + " not found"
+        ));
+    }
+
+    public RecipeDraft saveDraft(RecipeDraft recipeDraft) {
+        return this.recipeDraftRepository.save(recipeDraft);
+    }
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/RecipeServiceImpl.java

@@ -1,316 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe;
-
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageException;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.ImageService;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.S3ImageEntity;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.markdown.MarkdownService;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeAiSearchSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeCreateSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec.RecipeUpdateSpec;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star.RecipeStarRepository;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.view.FullRecipeView;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.view.RecipeInfoView;
-import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Contract;
-import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
-import org.springframework.ai.embedding.EmbeddingModel;
-import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
-import org.springframework.data.domain.Slice;
-import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
-import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PostAuthorize;
-import org.springframework.security.access.prepost.PreAuthorize;
-import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
-
-import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
-import java.util.HashSet;
-import java.util.List;
-import java.util.Set;
-
-@Service
-public class RecipeServiceImpl implements RecipeService {
-
-    private final RecipeRepository recipeRepository;
-    private final RecipeStarRepository recipeStarRepository;
-    private final ImageService imageService;
-    private final MarkdownService markdownService;
-    private final EmbeddingModel embeddingModel;
-
-    public RecipeServiceImpl(
-            RecipeRepository recipeRepository,
-            RecipeStarRepository recipeStarRepository,
-            ImageService imageService,
-            MarkdownService markdownService,
-            EmbeddingModel embeddingModel
-    ) {
-        this.recipeRepository = recipeRepository;
-        this.recipeStarRepository = recipeStarRepository;
-        this.imageService = imageService;
-        this.markdownService = markdownService;
-        this.embeddingModel = embeddingModel;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Recipe create(@Nullable User owner, RecipeCreateSpec spec) {
-        if (owner == null) {
-            throw new AccessDeniedException("Must be logged in.");
-        }
-        final Recipe draft = new Recipe();
-        draft.setCreated(OffsetDateTime.now());
-        draft.setOwner((User) owner);
-        draft.setSlug(spec.getSlug());
-        draft.setTitle(spec.getTitle());
-        draft.setRawText(spec.getRawText());
-        draft.setMainImage((S3ImageEntity) spec.getMainImage());
-        draft.setIsPublic(spec.isPublic());
-        return this.recipeRepository.save(draft);
-    }
-
-    private Recipe findRecipeEntity(long id) throws RecipeException {
-        return this.recipeRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe with id: " + id
-        ));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
-    public Recipe getById(long id, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
-        return this.findRecipeEntity(id);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
-    public Recipe getByIdWithStars(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
-        return this.recipeRepository.findByIdWithStars(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID,
-                "No such Recipe with id: " + id
-        ));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject, #viewer)")
-    public Recipe getByUsernameAndSlug(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
-        return this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
-                "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug " + slug
-        ));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @ApiStatus.Internal
-    public String getRenderedMarkdown(Recipe entity) {
-        if (entity.getCachedRenderedText() == null) {
-            entity.setCachedRenderedText(this.markdownService.renderAndCleanMarkdown(entity.getRawText()));
-            entity = this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
-        }
-        return entity.getCachedRenderedText();
-    }
-
-    private int getStarCount(Recipe recipe) {
-        return this.recipeRepository.getStarCount(recipe.getId());
-    }
-
-    private int getViewerCount(long recipeId) {
-        return this.recipeRepository.getViewerCount(recipeId);
-    }
-
-    @Contract("null, _ -> null")
-    private @Nullable ImageView getImageView(@Nullable Image image, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        if (image != null) {
-            return this.imageService.toImageView(image, viewer);
-        } else {
-            return null;
-        }
-    }
-
-    private FullRecipeView getFullView(Recipe recipe, boolean includeRawText, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        return FullRecipeView.from(
-                recipe,
-                this.getRenderedMarkdown(recipe),
-                includeRawText,
-                this.getStarCount(recipe),
-                this.getViewerCount(recipe.getId()),
-                this.getImageView(recipe.getMainImage(), viewer)
-        );
-    }
-
-    private RecipeInfoView getInfoView(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        return RecipeInfoView.from(
-                recipe,
-                this.getStarCount(recipe),
-                this.getImageView(recipe.getMainImage(), viewer)
-        );
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#id, #viewer)")
-    public FullRecipeView getFullViewById(long id, @Nullable User viewer) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findById(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe for id: " + id
-        ));
-        return this.getFullView(recipe, false, viewer);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#username, #slug, #viewer)")
-    public FullRecipeView getFullViewByUsernameAndSlug(
-            String username,
-            String slug,
-            boolean includeRawText,
-            @Nullable User viewer
-    ) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug)
-                .orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
-                        "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug: " + slug
-                ));
-        return this.getFullView(recipe, includeRawText, viewer);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public Slice<RecipeInfoView> getInfoViewsViewableBy(Pageable pageable, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        return this.recipeRepository.findAllViewableBy((User) viewer, pageable).map(recipe ->
-                this.getInfoView(recipe, viewer)
-        );
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public List<Recipe> getByMinimumStars(long minimumStars, User viewer) {
-        return List.copyOf(
-                this.recipeRepository.findAllViewableByStarsGreaterThanEqual(minimumStars, (User) viewer)
-        );
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public List<Recipe> getPublicRecipes() {
-        return List.copyOf(this.recipeRepository.findAllByIsPublicIsTrue());
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public List<Recipe> getRecipesViewableBy(User viewer) {
-        return List.copyOf(this.recipeRepository.findAllByViewersContaining((User) viewer));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public List<Recipe> getRecipesOwnedBy(User owner) {
-        return List.copyOf(this.recipeRepository.findAllByOwner((User) owner));
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public List<RecipeInfoView> aiSearch(RecipeAiSearchSpec searchSpec, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        final float[] queryEmbedding = this.embeddingModel.embed(searchSpec.getPrompt());
-        final List<Recipe> results;
-        if (viewer == null) {
-            results = this.recipeRepository.searchByEmbeddingAndIsPublic(queryEmbedding, 0.5f);
-        } else {
-            results = this.recipeRepository.searchByEmbeddingAndViewableBy(queryEmbedding, 0.5f, viewer.getId());
-        }
-        return results.stream()
-                .map(recipeEntity -> this.getInfoView(recipeEntity, viewer))
-                .toList();
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#username, #slug, #modifier)")
-    public Recipe update(String username, String slug, RecipeUpdateSpec spec, User modifier)
-            throws RecipeException, ImageException {
-        final Recipe recipe = this.recipeRepository.findByOwnerUsernameAndSlug(username, slug).orElseThrow(() ->
-                new RecipeException(
-                        RecipeException.Type.INVALID_USERNAME_OR_SLUG,
-                        "No such Recipe for username " + username + " and slug: " + slug
-                )
-        );
-
-        recipe.setTitle(spec.getTitle());
-        recipe.setPreparationTime(spec.getPreparationTime());
-        recipe.setCookingTime(spec.getCookingTime());
-        recipe.setTotalTime(spec.getTotalTime());
-        recipe.setRawText(spec.getRawText());
-        recipe.setCachedRenderedText(null);
-        recipe.setIsPublic(spec.getIsPublic());
-
-        final S3ImageEntity mainImage;
-        if (spec.getMainImage() == null) {
-            mainImage = null;
-        } else {
-            mainImage = (S3ImageEntity) this.imageService.getByUsernameAndFilename(
-                    spec.getMainImage().getUsername(),
-                    spec.getMainImage().getFilename(),
-                    modifier
-            );
-        }
-        recipe.setMainImage(mainImage);
-
-        recipe.setModified(OffsetDateTime.now());
-        return this.recipeRepository.save(recipe);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
-    public Recipe addViewer(long id, User modifier, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe entity = this.recipeRepository.findByIdWithViewers(id).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
-                RecipeException.Type.INVALID_ID, "No such Recipe with id: " + id
-        ));
-        final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
-        viewers.add((User) viewer);
-        entity.setViewers(viewers);
-        return this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
-    public Recipe removeViewer(long id, User modifier, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe entity = this.findRecipeEntity(id);
-        final Set<User> viewers = new HashSet<>(entity.getViewers());
-        viewers.remove((User) viewer);
-        entity.setViewers(viewers);
-        return this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
-    public Recipe clearAllViewers(long id, User modifier) throws RecipeException {
-        final Recipe entity = this.findRecipeEntity(id);
-        entity.setViewers(new HashSet<>());
-        return this.recipeRepository.save(entity);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(#id, #modifier)")
-    public void deleteRecipe(long id, User modifier) {
-        this.recipeRepository.deleteById(id);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public FullRecipeView toFullRecipeView(Recipe recipe, boolean includeRawText, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        return this.getFullView((Recipe) recipe, includeRawText, viewer);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public RecipeInfoView toRecipeInfoView(Recipe recipe, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        return this.getInfoView((Recipe) recipe, viewer);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#username, #slug, #viewer)")
-    @Contract("_, _, null -> null")
-    public @Nullable Boolean isStarer(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        if (viewer == null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        return this.recipeStarRepository.isStarer(username, slug, viewer.getId());
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    @PreAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(#username, #slug, #viewer)")
-    @Contract("_, _, null -> null")
-    public @Nullable Boolean isOwner(String username, String slug, @Nullable User viewer) {
-        if (viewer == null) {
-            return null;
-        }
-        return viewer.getUsername().equals(username);
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/body/RecipeAiSearchBody.java

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body;
+
+import lombok.Data;
+
+@Data
+public class RecipeAiSearchBody {
+    private String prompt;
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/body/RecipeSearchBody.java

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body;
 
+import lombok.Data;
+
 import java.util.Map;
 
+@Data
 public class RecipeSearchBody {
 
     public enum Type {
@@ -11,20 +14,4 @@ public class RecipeSearchBody {
     private Type type;
     private Map<String, Object> data;
 
-    public Type getType() {
-        return this.type;
-    }
-
-    public void setType(Type type) {
-        this.type = type;
-    }
-
-    public Map<String, Object> getData() {
-        return this.data;
-    }
-
-    public void setData(Map<String, Object> data) {
-        this.data = data;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/body/RecipeUpdateBody.java

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body;
+
+import lombok.Data;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+
+@Data
+public class RecipeUpdateBody {
+
+    @Data
+    public static class MainImageUpdateBody {
+        private String username;
+        private String filename;
+    }
+
+    private @Nullable String title;
+    private @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
+    private @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
+    private @Nullable Integer totalTime;
+    private @Nullable String rawText;
+    private @Nullable Boolean isPublic;
+    private @Nullable MainImageUpdateBody mainImage;
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeComment.java

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import lombok.Data;
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 
 @Entity
+@Table(name = "recipe_comment")
 @Data
 public final class RecipeComment {
 

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeCommentCreateBody.java

@@ -1,15 +1,8 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment;
 
+import lombok.Data;
+
+@Data
 public class RecipeCommentCreateBody {
-
     private String text;
-
-    public String getText() {
-        return this.text;
-    }
-
-    public void setText(String text) {
-        this.text = text;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeCommentRepository.java

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;
 import org.springframework.data.domain.Slice;
 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
 
-public interface RecipeCommentRepository extends JpaRepository<RecipeComment, Long> {
+public interface RecipeCommentRepository extends JpaRepository<RecipeComment, Integer> {
     void deleteAllByRecipe(Recipe recipe);
     Slice<RecipeComment> findAllByRecipe(Recipe recipe, Pageable pageable);
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeCommentService.java

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@ import org.springframework.data.domain.Slice;
 public interface RecipeCommentService {
     RecipeComment create(String recipeUsername, String recipeSlug, User owner, RecipeCommentCreateBody body)
             throws RecipeException;
-    RecipeComment get(long commentId, User viewer) throws RecipeException;
+    RecipeComment get(Integer commentId, User viewer) throws RecipeException;
     Slice<RecipeCommentView> getComments(String recipeUsername, String recipeSlug, Pageable pageable, User viewer)
             throws RecipeException;
-    RecipeComment update(long commentId, User viewer, RecipeCommentUpdateSpec spec) throws RecipeException;
-    void delete(long commentId, User modifier) throws RecipeException;
+    RecipeComment update(Integer commentId, User viewer, RecipeCommentUpdateSpec spec) throws RecipeException;
+    void delete(Integer commentId, User modifier) throws RecipeException;
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeCommentServiceImpl.java

@@ -56,14 +56,14 @@ public class RecipeCommentServiceImpl implements RecipeCommentService {
     }
 
     @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isViewableBy(returnObject.recipe, #viewer)")
-    private RecipeComment loadCommentEntity(long commentId, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+    private RecipeComment loadCommentEntity(Integer commentId, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
         return this.recipeCommentRepository.findById(commentId).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
                 RecipeException.Type.INVALID_COMMENT_ID, "No such RecipeComment for id: " + commentId
         ));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public RecipeComment get(long commentId, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
+    public RecipeComment get(Integer commentId, User viewer) throws RecipeException {
         return this.loadCommentEntity(commentId, viewer);
     }
 
@@ -84,21 +84,21 @@ public class RecipeCommentServiceImpl implements RecipeCommentService {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public RecipeComment update(long commentId, User viewer, RecipeCommentUpdateSpec spec) throws RecipeException {
+    public RecipeComment update(Integer commentId, User viewer, RecipeCommentUpdateSpec spec) throws RecipeException {
         final RecipeComment entity = this.loadCommentEntity(commentId, viewer);
         entity.setRawText(spec.getRawText());
         return this.recipeCommentRepository.save(entity);
     }
 
     @PostAuthorize("@recipeSecurity.isOwner(returnObject.recipe, #modifier)")
-    private RecipeComment loadForDelete(long commentId, User modifier) throws RecipeException {
+    private RecipeComment loadForDelete(Integer commentId, User modifier) throws RecipeException {
         return this.recipeCommentRepository.findById(commentId).orElseThrow(() -> new RecipeException(
                 RecipeException.Type.INVALID_COMMENT_ID, "No such RecipeComment for id: " + commentId
         ));
     }
 
     @Override
-    public void delete(long commentId, User modifier) throws RecipeException {
+    public void delete(Integer commentId, User modifier) throws RecipeException {
         final RecipeComment entityToDelete = this.loadForDelete(commentId, modifier);
         this.recipeCommentRepository.delete(entityToDelete);
     }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeCommentUpdateSpec.java

@@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment;
 
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
+
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class RecipeCommentUpdateSpec {
-
-    private String rawText;
-
-    public String getRawText() {
-        return this.rawText;
-    }
-
-    public void setRawText(String rawText) {
-        this.rawText = rawText;
-    }
-
+    String rawText;
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/comment/RecipeCommentView.java

@@ -1,88 +1,36 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.comment;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.view.UserInfoView;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class RecipeCommentView {
 
     public static RecipeCommentView from(RecipeComment comment, boolean includeRawText) {
-        final RecipeCommentView view = new RecipeCommentView();
-        view.setId(comment.getId());
-        view.setCreated(comment.getCreated());
-        view.setModified(comment.getModified());
-        view.setText(((RecipeComment) comment).getCachedRenderedText());
+        final var builder = RecipeCommentView.builder()
+                .id(comment.getId())
+                .created(comment.getCreated())
+                .modified(comment.getModified())
+                .text(comment.getCachedRenderedText())
+                .owner(UserInfoView.from(comment.getOwner()))
+                .recipeId(comment.getRecipe().getId());
         if (includeRawText) {
-            view.setRawText(comment.getRawText());
+            builder.rawText(comment.getRawText());
         }
-        view.setOwner(UserInfoView.from(comment.getOwner()));
-        view.setRecipeId(comment.getRecipe().getId());
-        return view;
+        return builder.build();
     }
 
-    private Integer id;
-    private OffsetDateTime created;
-    private @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
-    private String text;
-    private @Nullable String rawText;
-    private UserInfoView owner;
-    private Integer recipeId;
-
-    public Integer getId() {
-        return this.id;
-    }
-
-    public void setId(Integer id) {
-        this.id = id;
-    }
-
-    public OffsetDateTime getCreated() {
-        return this.created;
-    }
-
-    public void setCreated(OffsetDateTime created) {
-        this.created = created;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable OffsetDateTime getModified() {
-        return this.modified;
-    }
-
-    public void setModified(@Nullable OffsetDateTime modified) {
-        this.modified = modified;
-    }
-
-    public String getText() {
-        return this.text;
-    }
-
-    public void setText(String text) {
-        this.text = text;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getRawText() {
-        return this.rawText;
-    }
-
-    public void setRawText(@Nullable String rawText) {
-        this.rawText = rawText;
-    }
-
-    public UserInfoView getOwner() {
-        return this.owner;
-    }
-
-    public void setOwner(UserInfoView owner) {
-        this.owner = owner;
-    }
-
-    public Integer getRecipeId() {
-        return this.recipeId;
-    }
-
-    public void setRecipeId(Integer recipeId) {
-        this.recipeId = recipeId;
-    }
+    Integer id;
+    OffsetDateTime created;
+    @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
+    String text;
+    @Nullable String rawText;
+    UserInfoView owner;
+    Integer recipeId;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/job/RecipeInferJobHandler.java

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.job;
+
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file.File;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.file.FileService;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job.Job;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job.JobHandler;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeDraft;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.RecipeService;
+import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.Message;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.messages.UserMessage;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatModel;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.model.ChatResponse;
+import org.springframework.ai.chat.prompt.Prompt;
+import org.springframework.ai.content.Media;
+import org.springframework.ai.ollama.api.OllamaChatOptions;
+import org.springframework.core.io.InputStreamResource;
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
+import org.springframework.util.MimeType;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+@Component
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class RecipeInferJobHandler implements JobHandler<RecipeInferJobPayload> {
+
+    public static final String JOB_KEY = "RECIPE_INFER_JOB";
+
+    private final FileService fileService;
+    private final RecipeService recipeService;
+    private final ChatModel chatModel;
+
+    @Override
+    public Class<RecipeInferJobPayload> getPayloadType() {
+        return RecipeInferJobPayload.class;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String getJobKey() {
+        return "RECIPE_INFER_JOB";
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void handle(Job job, RecipeInferJobPayload payload) {
+        final File sourceFile = this.fileService.getById(payload.fileId());
+        final InputStream sourceFileContent;
+        try {
+            sourceFileContent = this.fileService.getFileContentById(payload.fileId());
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            throw new RuntimeException(e);
+        }
+
+        final Media sourceFileMedia = Media.builder()
+                .data(new InputStreamResource(sourceFileContent))
+                .mimeType(MimeType.valueOf(sourceFile.getMimeType()))
+                .build();
+
+        final Message ocrMessage = UserMessage.builder()
+                .text("Convert the recipe in the image to Markdown.")
+                .media(sourceFileMedia)
+                .build();
+        final Prompt ocrPrompt = Prompt.builder()
+                .messages(ocrMessage)
+                .chatOptions(OllamaChatOptions.builder().model("deepseek-ocr:latest").build())
+                .build();
+        final ChatResponse ocrResponse = this.chatModel.call(ocrPrompt);
+        final String fullMarkdownText = ocrResponse.getResult().getOutput().getText();
+
+        // get recipe draft
+        final @Nullable RecipeDraft recipeDraft = this.recipeService.getDraftById(payload.recipeDraftId());
+        if (recipeDraft == null) {
+            throw new RuntimeException("Recipe draft not found");
+        }
+
+        // set props on draft from ai output, etc.
+        recipeDraft.setRawText(fullMarkdownText);
+        recipeDraft.setState(RecipeDraft.State.ENTER_DATA);
+
+        if (recipeDraft.getInferences() == null) {
+            recipeDraft.setInferences(new ArrayList<>());
+        }
+        final RecipeDraft.RecipeDraftInference inference = new RecipeDraft.RecipeDraftInference();
+        inference.setTitle("TODO: inferred title");
+        inference.setRawText(fullMarkdownText);
+        inference.setInferredAt(OffsetDateTime.now());
+        recipeDraft.getInferences().add(inference);
+
+        this.recipeService.saveDraft(recipeDraft);
+    }
+
+}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/job/RecipeInferJobPayload.java

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.job;
+
+import java.util.UUID;
+
+public record RecipeInferJobPayload(UUID recipeDraftId, UUID fileId) {}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/spec/RecipeAiSearchSpec.java

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec;
-
-public class RecipeAiSearchSpec {
-
-    private String prompt;
-
-    public String getPrompt() {
-        return this.prompt;
-    }
-
-    public void setPrompt(String prompt) {
-        this.prompt = prompt;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/spec/RecipeCreateSpec.java

@@ -1,81 +1,19 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class RecipeCreateSpec {
-
-    private String slug;
-    private String title;
-    private @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer totalTime;
-    private String rawText;
-    private boolean isPublic;
-    private @Nullable Image mainImage;
-
-    public String getSlug() {
-        return this.slug;
-    }
-
-    public void setSlug(String slug) {
-        this.slug = slug;
-    }
-
-    public String getTitle() {
-        return this.title;
-    }
-
-    public void setTitle(String title) {
-        this.title = title;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getPreparationTime() {
-        return this.preparationTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setPreparationTime(@Nullable Integer preparationTime) {
-        this.preparationTime = preparationTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getCookingTime() {
-        return this.cookingTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setCookingTime(@Nullable Integer cookingTime) {
-        this.cookingTime = cookingTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getTotalTime() {
-        return this.totalTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setTotalTime(@Nullable Integer totalTime) {
-        this.totalTime = totalTime;
-    }
-
-    public String getRawText() {
-        return this.rawText;
-    }
-
-    public void setRawText(String rawText) {
-        this.rawText = rawText;
-    }
-
-    public boolean isPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setPublic(boolean isPublic) {
-        this.isPublic = isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Image getMainImage() {
-        return this.mainImage;
-    }
-
-    public void setMainImage(@Nullable Image mainImage) {
-        this.mainImage = mainImage;
-    }
-
+    String slug;
+    String title;
+    @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
+    @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
+    @Nullable Integer totalTime;
+    String rawText;
+    boolean isPublic;
+    @Nullable Image mainImage;
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/spec/RecipeUpdateSpec.java

@@ -2,120 +2,73 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.spec;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.Image;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.Recipe;
+import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.body.RecipeUpdateBody;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
+import org.jetbrains.annotations.ApiStatus;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 // For now, we cannot change slug after creation.
 // In the future, we may be able to have redirects from
 // old slugs to new slugs.
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class RecipeUpdateSpec {
 
+    @Value
+    @Builder
     public static class MainImageUpdateSpec {
-
-        private String username;
-        private String filename;
-
-        public String getUsername() {
-            return this.username;
+        String username;
+        String filename;
     }
 
-        public void setUsername(String username) {
-            this.username = username;
-        }
-
-        public String getFilename() {
-            return this.filename;
-        }
-
-        public void setFilename(String filename) {
-            this.filename = filename;
-        }
-
-    }
-
-    private String title;
-    private @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer totalTime;
-    private String rawText;
-    private boolean isPublic;
-    private @Nullable MainImageUpdateSpec mainImage;
-
-    public RecipeUpdateSpec() {}
-
-    /**
-     * Convenience constructor for testing purposes.
-     *
-     * @param recipe the Recipe to copy from
-     */
-    public RecipeUpdateSpec(Recipe recipe) {
-        this.title = recipe.getTitle();
-        this.preparationTime = recipe.getPreparationTime();
-        this.cookingTime = recipe.getCookingTime();
-        this.totalTime = recipe.getTotalTime();
-        this.rawText = recipe.getRawText();
-        this.isPublic = recipe.getIsPublic();
-        final @Nullable Image mainImage = recipe.getMainImage();
+    public static RecipeUpdateSpec from(RecipeUpdateBody body) {
+        final var b = RecipeUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .title(body.getTitle())
+                .preparationTime(body.getPreparationTime())
+                .cookingTime(body.getCookingTime())
+                .totalTime(body.getTotalTime())
+                .rawText(body.getRawText())
+                .isPublic(body.getIsPublic());
+        final @Nullable RecipeUpdateBody.MainImageUpdateBody mainImage = body.getMainImage();
         if (mainImage != null) {
-            this.mainImage = new MainImageUpdateSpec();
-            this.mainImage.setUsername(mainImage.getOwner().getUsername());
-            this.mainImage.setFilename(mainImage.getUserFilename());
+            b.mainImage(
+                    MainImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                            .username(mainImage.getUsername())
+                            .filename(mainImage.getFilename())
+                            .build()
+            );
         }
+        return b.build();
     }
 
-    public @Nullable String getTitle() {
-        return this.title;
+    // For testing convenience only.
+    @ApiStatus.Internal
+    public static RecipeUpdateSpec.RecipeUpdateSpecBuilder fromRecipeToBuilder(Recipe recipe) {
+        final var b = RecipeUpdateSpec.builder()
+                .title(recipe.getTitle())
+                .preparationTime(recipe.getPreparationTime())
+                .cookingTime(recipe.getCookingTime())
+                .totalTime(recipe.getTotalTime())
+                .rawText(recipe.getRawText())
+                .isPublic(recipe.getIsPublic());
+        final @Nullable Image mainImage = recipe.getMainImage();
+        if (recipe.getMainImage() != null) {
+            b.mainImage(MainImageUpdateSpec.builder()
+                    .username(mainImage.getOwner().getUsername())
+                    .filename(mainImage.getUserFilename())
+                    .build()
+            );
+        }
+        return b;
     }
 
-    public void setTitle(@Nullable String title) {
-        this.title = title;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getPreparationTime() {
-        return this.preparationTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setPreparationTime(@Nullable Integer preparationTime) {
-        this.preparationTime = preparationTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getCookingTime() {
-        return this.cookingTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setCookingTime(@Nullable Integer cookingTime) {
-        this.cookingTime = cookingTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getTotalTime() {
-        return this.totalTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setTotalTime(@Nullable Integer totalTime) {
-        this.totalTime = totalTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getRawText() {
-        return this.rawText;
-    }
-
-    public void setRawText(@Nullable String rawText) {
-        this.rawText = rawText;
-    }
-
-    public boolean getIsPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setIsPublic(boolean isPublic) {
-        this.isPublic = isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable MainImageUpdateSpec getMainImage() {
-        return this.mainImage;
-    }
-
-    public void setMainImage(@Nullable MainImageUpdateSpec mainImage) {
-        this.mainImage = mainImage;
-    }
+    String title;
+    @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
+    @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
+    @Nullable Integer totalTime;
+    String rawText;
+    Boolean isPublic;
+    @Nullable MainImageUpdateSpec mainImage;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/star/RecipeStar.java

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import lombok.Data;
 
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 
-@Entity(name = "RecipeStar")
+@Entity
 @Table(name = "recipe_star")
 @Data
 public final class RecipeStar {

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/star/RecipeStarId.java

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.star;
 
 import jakarta.persistence.Column;
 import jakarta.persistence.Embeddable;
-
-import java.util.Objects;
+import lombok.Data;
 
 @Embeddable
+@Data
 public class RecipeStarId {
 
     @Column(name = "owner_id", nullable = false)
@@ -14,39 +14,4 @@ public class RecipeStarId {
     @Column(name = "recipe_id", nullable = false)
     private Integer recipeId;
 
-    public Integer getOwnerId() {
-        return this.ownerId;
-    }
-
-    public void getOwnerId(Integer ownerId) {
-        this.ownerId = ownerId;
-    }
-
-    public Integer getRecipeId() {
-        return this.recipeId;
-    }
-
-    public void setRecipeId(Integer recipeId) {
-        this.recipeId = recipeId;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public boolean equals(Object o) {
-        if (this == o) return true;
-        if (o instanceof RecipeStarId other) {
-            return this.recipeId.equals(other.recipeId) && this.ownerId.equals(other.ownerId);
-        }
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public int hashCode() {
-        return Objects.hash(this.recipeId, this.ownerId);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String toString() {
-        return "RecipeStarId(" + this.recipeId + ", " + this.ownerId + ")";
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/star/RecipeStarServiceImpl.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public class RecipeStarServiceImpl implements RecipeStarService {
         final RecipeStar draft = new RecipeStar();
         final RecipeStarId id = new RecipeStarId();
         id.setRecipeId(recipeId);
-        id.getOwnerId(ownerId);
+        id.setOwnerId(ownerId);
         draft.setId(id);
         draft.setTimestamp(OffsetDateTime.now());
         return this.recipeStarRepository.save(draft);

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/view/FullRecipeView.java

@@ -4,11 +4,14 @@ import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.Recipe;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.view.UserInfoView;
 import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude;
-import com.fasterxml.jackson.annotation.JsonInclude.Include;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class FullRecipeView {
 
     public static FullRecipeView from(
@@ -19,162 +22,46 @@ public class FullRecipeView {
             int viewerCount,
             @Nullable ImageView mainImage
     ) {
-        final FullRecipeView view = new FullRecipeView();
-        view.setId(recipe.getId());
-        view.setCreated(recipe.getCreated());
-        view.setModified(recipe.getModified());
-        view.setSlug(recipe.getSlug());
-        view.setTitle(recipe.getTitle());
-        view.setPreparationTime(recipe.getPreparationTime());
-        view.setCookingTime(recipe.getCookingTime());
-        view.setTotalTime(recipe.getTotalTime());
-        view.setText(renderedText);
+        final var b = FullRecipeView.builder()
+                .id(recipe.getId())
+                .created(recipe.getCreated())
+                .modified(recipe.getModified())
+                .slug(recipe.getSlug())
+                .title(recipe.getTitle())
+                .preparationTime(recipe.getPreparationTime())
+                .cookingTime(recipe.getCookingTime())
+                .totalTime(recipe.getTotalTime())
+                .text(renderedText)
+                .owner(UserInfoView.from(recipe.getOwner()))
+                .starCount(starCount)
+                .viewerCount(viewerCount)
+                .mainImage(mainImage)
+                .isPublic(recipe.getIsPublic());
         if (includeRawText) {
-            view.setRawText(recipe.getRawText());
+            b.rawText(recipe.getRawText());
         }
-        view.setOwner(UserInfoView.from(recipe.getOwner()));
-        view.setStarCount(starCount);
-        view.setViewerCount(viewerCount);
-        view.setMainImage(mainImage);
-        view.setIsPublic(recipe.getIsPublic());
-        return view;
+        return b.build();
     }
 
-    private long id;
-    private OffsetDateTime created;
-    private @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
-    private String slug;
-    private String title;
-    private @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer totalTime;
-    private String text;
-    private @Nullable String rawText;
-    private UserInfoView owner;
-    private int starCount;
-    private int viewerCount;
-    private @Nullable ImageView mainImage;
-    private boolean isPublic;
+    Integer id;
+    OffsetDateTime created;
+    @Nullable OffsetDateTime modified;
+    String slug;
+    String title;
+    @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
+    @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
+    @Nullable Integer totalTime;
+    String text;
+    @Nullable String rawText;
+    UserInfoView owner;
+    int starCount;
+    int viewerCount;
+    @Nullable ImageView mainImage;
+    boolean isPublic;
 
-    public long getId() {
-        return this.id;
-    }
-
-    public void setId(long id) {
-        this.id = id;
-    }
-
-    public OffsetDateTime getCreated() {
-        return this.created;
-    }
-
-    public void setCreated(OffsetDateTime created) {
-        this.created = created;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable OffsetDateTime getModified() {
-        return this.modified;
-    }
-
-    public void setModified(@Nullable OffsetDateTime modified) {
-        this.modified = modified;
-    }
-
-    public String getSlug() {
-        return this.slug;
-    }
-
-    public void setSlug(String slug) {
-        this.slug = slug;
-    }
-
-    public String getTitle() {
-        return this.title;
-    }
-
-    public void setTitle(String title) {
-        this.title = title;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getPreparationTime() {
-        return this.preparationTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setPreparationTime(@Nullable Integer preparationTime) {
-        this.preparationTime = preparationTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getCookingTime() {
-        return this.cookingTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setCookingTime(@Nullable Integer cookingTime) {
-        this.cookingTime = cookingTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable Integer getTotalTime() {
-        return this.totalTime;
-    }
-
-    public void setTotalTime(@Nullable Integer totalTime) {
-        this.totalTime = totalTime;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable String getText() {
-        return this.text;
-    }
-
-    public void setText(String text) {
-        this.text = text;
-    }
-
-    @JsonInclude(Include.NON_NULL)
+    @JsonInclude(JsonInclude.Include.NON_NULL)
     public @Nullable String getRawText() {
         return this.rawText;
     }
 
-    public void setRawText(@Nullable String rawText) {
-        this.rawText = rawText;
-    }
-
-    public UserInfoView getOwner() {
-        return this.owner;
-    }
-
-    public void setOwner(UserInfoView owner) {
-        this.owner = owner;
-    }
-
-    public int getStarCount() {
-        return this.starCount;
-    }
-
-    public void setStarCount(int starCount) {
-        this.starCount = starCount;
-    }
-
-    public int getViewerCount() {
-        return this.viewerCount;
-    }
-
-    public void setViewerCount(int viewerCount) {
-        this.viewerCount = viewerCount;
-    }
-
-    public @Nullable ImageView getMainImage() {
-        return this.mainImage;
-    }
-
-    public void setMainImage(@Nullable ImageView mainImage) {
-        this.mainImage = mainImage;
-    }
-
-    public boolean getIsPublic() {
-        return this.isPublic;
-    }
-
-    public void setIsPublic(boolean isPublic) {
-        this.isPublic = isPublic;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/view/RecipeExceptionView.java

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.view;
 
+import lombok.Getter;
+
+@Getter
 public final class RecipeExceptionView {
 
     private final String type;
@@ -10,12 +13,4 @@ public final class RecipeExceptionView {
         this.message = message;
     }
 
-    public String getType() {
-        return this.type;
-    }
-
-    public String getMessage() {
-        return this.message;
-    }
-
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/recipe/view/RecipeInfoView.java

@@ -3,42 +3,44 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.view;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.image.view.ImageView;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.recipe.Recipe;
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.view.UserInfoView;
-import lombok.Data;
+import lombok.Builder;
+import lombok.Value;
 import org.jetbrains.annotations.Nullable;
 
 import java.time.OffsetDateTime;
 
-@Data
+@Value
+@Builder
 public class RecipeInfoView {
 
     public static RecipeInfoView from(Recipe recipe, int starCount, @Nullable ImageView mainImage) {
-        final RecipeInfoView view = new RecipeInfoView();
-        view.setId(recipe.getId());
-        view.setCreated(recipe.getCreated());
-        view.setModified(recipe.getModified());
-        view.setSlug(recipe.getSlug());
-        view.setTitle(recipe.getTitle());
-        view.setPreparationTime(recipe.getPreparationTime());
-        view.setCookingTime(recipe.getCookingTime());
-        view.setTotalTime(recipe.getTotalTime());
-        view.setOwner(UserInfoView.from(recipe.getOwner()));
-        view.setPublic(recipe.getIsPublic());
-        view.setStarCount(starCount);
-        view.setMainImage(mainImage);
-        return view;
+        return RecipeInfoView.builder()
+                .id(recipe.getId())
+                .created(recipe.getCreated())
+                .modified(recipe.getModified())
+                .slug(recipe.getSlug())
+                .title(recipe.getTitle())
+                .preparationTime(recipe.getPreparationTime())
+                .cookingTime(recipe.getCookingTime())
+                .totalTime(recipe.getTotalTime())
+                .owner(UserInfoView.from(recipe.getOwner()))
+                .isPublic(recipe.getIsPublic())
+                .starCount(starCount)
+                .mainImage(mainImage)
+                .build();
     }
 
-    private Integer id;
-    private OffsetDateTime created;
-    private OffsetDateTime modified;
-    private String slug;
-    private String title;
-    private @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
-    private @Nullable Integer totalTime;
-    private UserInfoView owner;
-    private boolean isPublic;
-    private int starCount;
-    private @Nullable ImageView mainImage;
+    Integer id;
+    OffsetDateTime created;
+    OffsetDateTime modified;
+    String slug;
+    String title;
+    @Nullable Integer preparationTime;
+    @Nullable Integer cookingTime;
+    @Nullable Integer totalTime;
+    UserInfoView owner;
+    boolean isPublic;
+    int starCount;
+    @Nullable ImageView mainImage;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/security/AuthToken.java

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.security;
 
+import lombok.Value;
+
 import java.time.LocalDateTime;
 
-public interface AuthToken {
-    String getToken();
-    long getLifetime();
-    LocalDateTime getExpires();
+@Value
+public class AuthToken {
+    String token;
+    long lifetime;
+    LocalDateTime expires;
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/security/SecurityExceptionView.java

@@ -1,31 +1,16 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.security;
 
+import lombok.Value;
+
+@Value
 public class SecurityExceptionView {
 
     public enum Action {
         LOGIN, REFRESH
     }
 
-    private final int status;
-    private final Action action;
-    private final String message;
-
-    public SecurityExceptionView(int status, Action action, String message) {
-        this.status = status;
-        this.action = action;
-        this.message = message;
-    }
-
-    public int getStatus() {
-        return this.status;
-    }
-
-    public Action getAction() {
-        return this.action;
-    }
-
-    public String getMessage() {
-        return this.message;
-    }
+    int status;
+    Action action;
+    String message;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/security/SimpleAuthToken.java

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.security;
-
-import java.time.LocalDateTime;
-
-public final class SimpleAuthToken implements AuthToken {
-
-    private final String token;
-    private final long lifetime;
-    private final LocalDateTime expires;
-
-    public SimpleAuthToken(String token, long lifetime, LocalDateTime expires) {
-        this.token = token;
-        this.lifetime = lifetime;
-        this.expires = expires;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public String getToken() {
-        return this.token;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public long getLifetime() {
-        return this.lifetime;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    public LocalDateTime getExpires() {
-        return this.expires;
-    }
-
-}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/user/User.java

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ import java.util.Set;
 @Entity(name = "User")
 @Table(name = "\"user\"")
 @Data
-public final class User implements UserDetails {
+public class User implements UserDetails {
 
     public static User getDefaultDraft() {
         final var user = new User();

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/user/UserGrantedAuthority.java

@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ import jakarta.persistence.*;
 import lombok.Data;
 import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
 
-@Entity(name = "UserGrantedAuthority")
+@Entity
 @Table(name = "user_granted_authority")
 @Data
-public final class UserGrantedAuthority implements GrantedAuthority {
+public class UserGrantedAuthority implements GrantedAuthority {
 
     @Id
     @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/user/UserGrantedAuthorityRepository.java

@@ -2,4 +2,4 @@ package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user;
 
 import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
 
-public interface UserGrantedAuthorityRepository extends JpaRepository<UserGrantedAuthority, Long> {}
+public interface UserGrantedAuthorityRepository extends JpaRepository<UserGrantedAuthority, Integer> {}

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/user/view/UserInfoView.java

@@ -1,33 +1,16 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.view;
 
 import app.mealsmadeeasy.api.user.User;
+import lombok.Value;
 
+@Value
 public class UserInfoView {
 
     public static UserInfoView from(User user) {
-        final UserInfoView userInfoView = new UserInfoView();
-        userInfoView.setId(user.getId());
-        userInfoView.setUsername(user.getUsername());
-        return userInfoView;
+        return new UserInfoView(user.getId(), user.getUsername());
     }
 
-    private Integer id;
-    private String username;
-
-    public Integer getId() {
-        return this.id;
-    }
-
-    public void setId(Integer id) {
-        this.id = id;
-    }
-
-    public String getUsername() {
-        return this.username;
-    }
-
-    public void setUsername(String username) {
-        this.username = username;
-    }
+    Integer id;
+    String username;
 
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/util/AccessDeniedView.java

@@ -1,21 +1,9 @@
 package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.util;
 
-public final class AccessDeniedView {
-
-    private final int statusCode;
-    private final String message;
-
-    public AccessDeniedView(int statusCode, String message) {
-        this.statusCode = statusCode;
-        this.message = message;
-    }
-
-    public int getStatusCode() {
-        return this.statusCode;
-    }
-
-    public String getMessage() {
-        return this.message;
-    }
+import lombok.Value;
 
+@Value
+public class AccessDeniedView {
+    int statusCode;
+    String message;
 }

src/main/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/util/MimeTypeService.java

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.util;
+
+import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
+
+import java.util.regex.Matcher;
+import java.util.regex.Pattern;
+
+@Service
+public class MimeTypeService {
+
+    private static final Pattern extensionPattern = Pattern.compile(".+\\.(.+)$");
+
+    private static final String IMAGE_JPEG =  "image/jpeg";
+    private static final String IMAGE_PNG = "image/png";
+    private static final String IMAGE_SVG = "image/svg+xml";
+    private static final String IMAGE_WEBP = "image/webp";
+
+    public String getMimeType(String userFilename) {
+        final Matcher m = extensionPattern.matcher(userFilename);
+        if (m.matches()) {
+            final String extension = m.group(1);
+            return switch (extension) {
+                case "jpg", "jpeg" -> IMAGE_JPEG;
+                case "png" -> IMAGE_PNG;
+                case "svg" -> IMAGE_SVG;
+                case "webp" -> IMAGE_WEBP;
+                default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot determine mime type for extension: " + extension);
+            };
+        } else {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Cannot determine mime type for filename: " + userFilename);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public String getExtension(String mimeType) {
+        return switch (mimeType) {
+            case IMAGE_JPEG -> "jpg";
+            case IMAGE_PNG -> "png";
+            case IMAGE_SVG -> "svg";
+            case IMAGE_WEBP -> "webp";
+            default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                    "Cannot determine extension from given mimetype: " + mimeType
+            );
+        };
+    }
+
+}

src/main/resources/application.properties

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.endpoint=http://${MINIO_HOST:localhost}:${MINIO_PORT
 app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.accessKey=${MINIO_ROOT_USER}
 app.mealsmadeeasy.api.minio.secretKey=${MINIO_ROOT_PASSWORD}
 app.mealsmadeeasy.api.images.bucketName=images
+app.mealsmadeeasy.api.files.bucketName=files
 
 # AI
 spring.ai.vectorstore.pgvector.dimensions=1024

src/main/resources/db/migration/V5__create_recipe_draft.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+CREATE TABLE recipe_draft (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    created TIMESTAMPTZ(6) NOT NULL,
+    modified TIMESTAMPTZ(6),
+    state INT NOT NULL,
+    slug VARCHAR(255),
+    title VARCHAR(255),
+    preparation_time INT,
+    cooking_time INT,
+    total_time INT,
+    raw_text TEXT,
+    owner_id INT NOT NULL,
+    main_image_id INT,
+    inferences JSONB,
+    FOREIGN KEY (owner_id) REFERENCES "user",
+    FOREIGN KEY (main_image_id) REFERENCES image
+);

src/main/resources/db/migration/V6__create_job.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+CREATE TABLE job (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    created TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    modified TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    state VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
+    job_key VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    payload JSONB NOT NULL,
+    attempts INT NOT NULL,
+    max_attempts INT NOT NULL,
+    run_after TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    locked_by VARCHAR(255),
+    locked_at TIMESTAMPTZ,
+    last_error TEXT
+);

src/main/resources/db/migration/V7__create_file.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+CREATE TABLE file (
+    id UUID PRIMARY KEY DEFAULT gen_random_uuid(),
+    created TIMESTAMPTZ NOT NULL,
+    user_filename VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    mime_type VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    object_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
+    owner_id INT NOT NULL,
+    FOREIGN KEY (owner_id) REFERENCES "user"
+);

src/test/java/app/mealsmadeeasy/api/job/JobServiceTests.java

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package app.mealsmadeeasy.api.job;
+
+import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.extension.ExtendWith;
+import org.mockito.InjectMocks;
+import org.mockito.Mock;
+import org.mockito.Spy;
+import org.mockito.junit.jupiter.MockitoExtension;
+import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
+
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.Optional;
+
+import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
+import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.*;
+
+@ExtendWith(MockitoExtension.class)
+public class JobServiceTests {
+
+    @Mock
+    private JobRepository jobRepository;
+
+    @Mock
+    private ApplicationContext applicationContext;
+
+    @Spy
+    private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
+
+    @InjectMocks
+    private JobService jobService;
+
+    @Test
+    public void whenRunOneJob_callsClaimNext() {
+        when(this.jobRepository.claimNext(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.empty());
+        this.jobService.runOneJob();
+        verify(this.jobRepository).claimNext(anyString());
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void findsJobHandlerAndSavesJobInfo() {
+        final Job testJob = new Job();
+        testJob.setJobKey("TEST_JOB_KEY");
+
+        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
+        final JobHandler<Object> testJobHandler = mock(JobHandler.class);
+        when(testJobHandler.getPayloadType()).thenReturn(Object.class);
+        when(testJobHandler.getJobKey()).thenReturn("TEST_JOB_KEY");
+
+        when(this.jobRepository.claimNext(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(testJob));
+        when(this.applicationContext.getBeansOfType(JobHandler.class)).thenReturn(
+                Map.of("testJobHandler", testJobHandler)
+        );
+
+        this.jobService.runOneJob();
+
+        verify(testJobHandler).handle(testJob, null);
+        verify(this.jobRepository).save(testJob);
+
+        assertThat(testJob.getState(), is(Job.State.DONE));
+        assertThat(testJob.getModified(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(testJob.getLockedBy(), is(nullValue()));
+        assertThat(testJob.getLockedAt(), is(nullValue()));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    public void retryJobAfterThrowingHandler() {
+        final Job testJob = new Job();
+        testJob.setAttempts(0);
+        testJob.setMaxAttempts(3);
+        testJob.setJobKey("TEST_JOB_KEY");
+
+        final JobHandler<Object> throwingHandler = mock(JobHandler.class);
+        when(throwingHandler.getPayloadType()).thenReturn(Object.class);
+        when(throwingHandler.getJobKey()).thenReturn("TEST_JOB_KEY");
+        doThrow(new RuntimeException("TO THROW")).when(throwingHandler).handle(testJob, null);
+
+        when(this.jobRepository.claimNext(anyString())).thenReturn(Optional.of(testJob));
+        when(this.applicationContext.getBeansOfType(JobHandler.class)).thenReturn(
+                Map.of("testJobHandler", throwingHandler)
+        );
+
+        this.jobService.runOneJob();
+
+        verify(throwingHandler).handle(testJob, null);
+        verify(this.jobRepository).save(testJob);
+
+        assertThat(testJob.getState(), is(Job.State.QUEUED));
+        assertThat(testJob.getAttempts(), is(1));
+        assertThat(testJob.getRunAfter(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(testJob.getLastError(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(testJob.getModified(), is(notNullValue()));
+        assertThat(testJob.getLockedBy(), is(nullValue()));
+        assertThat(testJob.getLockedAt(), is(nullValue()));
+    }
+
+}