deimos-lang/src/parser/deimos.pest

// Top-level constructs
CompilationUnit = { SOI ~ Namespace? ~ ModuleLevelDeclaration* ~ EOI }
Namespace = { "ns" ~ FullyQualifiedName }

CommonDeclaration = { Interface | Class | Module | Function | OperatorFunction }
ModuleLevelDeclaration = { Declare? ~ Public? ~ CommonDeclaration }
InterfaceLevelDeclaration = { CommonDeclaration }
ClassLevelDeclaration = { Declare? ~ Public? ~ ( CommonDeclaration | ClassMember ) }

// Module
Module = { "mod" ~ Identifier ~ "{" ~ ModuleLevelDeclaration* ~ "}" }

// Interface
Interface = { "int" ~ Identifier ~ GenericParameters? ~  ExtendsList? ~ ( "{" ~ InterfaceLevelDeclaration* ~ "}" )? }

// Class
Class = { "class" ~ Identifier ~ GenericParameters? ~ ClassConstructor? ~ ExtendsList? ~ ( "{" ~ ClassLevelDeclaration* ~ "}" )? }
ClassMember = { Field? ~ Identifier ~ TypeAnnotation? }

// Class Constructor
ClassConstructor = { "(" ~ ClassMemberList? ~ ")" }
ClassMemberList = { ClassMember ~ ( "," ~ ClassMember )* }

// Various Keywords
Declare = { "decl" }
Public = { "pub" }
Field = { "fld" }
Implementation = { "impl" }
Mutable = { "mut" }
Consume = { "cons" }
Reference = { "ref" }
Define = { "def" }

// Fqn and identifier
FullyQualifiedName = { Identifier ~ ( "::" ~ Identifier )* }

Identifier = @{ IdentifierStartChar ~ IdentifierChar* }
IdentifierStartChar = { 'a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | "_" }
IdentifierChar = { 'a'..'z' | 'A'..'Z' | '0'..'9' | "_" }

// Type constructs
ExtendsList = { ":" ~ TypeUse ~ ( "+" ~ TypeUse )* }
TypeAnnotation = { ":" ~ TypeUse }
TypeUse = { FullyQualifiedName ~ GenericArguments? }

// Generic arguments given to a TypeUse or function calls
GenericArguments = { "<" ~ FullyQualifiedName ~ ( "," ~ FullyQualifiedName )* ~ ">" }

// Generic parameters (for when types are declared)
GenericParameters = { "<" ~ Identifier ~ ( "," ~ Identifier )* ~ ">" }

// Function
Function = { ( Implementation | Define )?
    ~ ( Consume | Mutable )?
    ~ Reference?
    ~ "fn"
    ~ GenericParameters?
    ~ Identifier
    ~ "(" ~ Parameters? ~ ")"
    ~ ReturnType?
    ~ ( FunctionAlias | FunctionEqualsBody | BlockStatement )?
}
ReturnType = { "->" ~ Reference? ~ TypeUse }
FunctionAlias = { "alias" ~ FullyQualifiedName }

OperatorFunction = { ( Implementation | Define )?
    ~ ( Consume | Mutable )?
    ~ Reference?
    ~ "op"
    ~ Operator
    ~ "(" ~ Parameters? ~ ")"
    ~ ReturnType?
    ~ ( FunctionAlias | FunctionEqualsBody | BlockStatement )?
}
Operator = { Or
    | And
    | EqualTo
    | NotEqualTo
    | Greater
    | Less
    | GreaterEqual
    | LessEqual
    | Add
    | Subtract
    | Multiply
    | Divide
    | Modulo
    | CallOp
}

CallOp = { "()" }

Parameters = { Parameter ~ ( "," ~ Parameter )* }
Parameter = { Identifier ~ TypeAnnotation? }

FunctionEqualsBody = { "=" ~ Expression }

// Statements
BlockStatement = { "{" ~ Statement* ~ "}" }
Statement = { VariableDeclaration | CallExpression | AssignmentExpression }

VariableDeclaration = { "let" ~ Mutable? ~ Identifier ~ TypeAnnotation? ~ ( "=" ~ Expression )? }

// Expressions
Expression = { OrExpression }

OrExpression = { AndExpression ~ ( Or ~ AndExpression )* }
AndExpression = { EqualityExpression ~ ( And ~ EqualityExpression )* }
Or = { "||" }
And = { "&&" }

EqualityExpression = { ComparisonExpression ~ ( ( EqualTo | NotEqualTo ) ~ ComparisonExpression )* }
EqualTo = { "==" }
NotEqualTo = { "!=" }

ComparisonExpression = { AdditiveExpression ~ ( ( Greater | Less | GreaterEqual | LessEqual ) ~ AdditiveExpression )* }
Greater = { ">" }
Less = { "<" }
GreaterEqual = { ">=" }
LessEqual = { "<=" }

AdditiveExpression = { MultiplicativeExpression ~ ( ( Add | Subtract ) ~ MultiplicativeExpression )* }
Add = { "+" }
Subtract = { "-" }

MultiplicativeExpression = { UnaryExpression ~ ( ( Multiply | Divide | Modulo ) ~ UnaryExpression )* }
Multiply = { "*" }
Divide = { "/" }
Modulo = { "%" }

UnaryExpression = { ( Not | Negative )* ~ PrimaryExpression ~ ( Call | ( PlusPlus | MinusMinus ) )* }
Not = { "!" }
Negative = { "-" }
PlusPlus = { "++" }
MinusMinus = { "--" }

PrimaryExpression = { Literal | ObjectAccess | ParenthesizedExpression }
ParenthesizedExpression = { "(" ~ Expression ~ ")" }


// Call
CallExpression = { PrimaryExpression ~ Call+ }
Call = { GenericArguments? ~ CallArguments }
ExpressionList = { Expression ~ ( "," ~ Expression )* }
CallArguments = {
    ( "(" ~ ExpressionList? ~ ")" )
    | ExpressionList
}

// Assignment
AssignmentExpression = { ObjectAccess ~ "=" ~ Expression }

// Object
ObjectAccess = { FullyQualifiedName ~ ( "." ~ Identifier )* }

// Literals
Literal = { NumberLiteral | StringLiteral | BooleanLiteral | NullLiteral }

NumberLiteral = { LongLiteral | IntLiteral }

IntLiteral = { NumberBase }
LongLiteral = ${ NumberBase ~ "L" }

NumberBase = { DecimalBase | BinaryBase | HexadecimalBase }

DecimalBase = @{ DecimalStartDigit ~ Digit* }
BinaryBase = @{ "0b" ~ Digit* }
DecimalStartDigit = { '1'..'9' }
Digit = { '0'..'9'+ }
HexadecimalBase = @{ "0x" ~ HexadecimalDigit+ }
HexadecimalDigit = { '0'..'9' | 'a'..'f' }

StringLiteral = ${ "\"" ~ StringInner ~ "\"" }
StringInner = @{ StringChar* }
StringChar = {
    !( "\"" | "\\" ) ~ ANY
    | "\\" ~ ( "\"" | "\\" | "/" | "b" | "f" | "n" | "r" | "t" )
    | "\\" ~ ( "u" ~ ASCII_HEX_DIGIT{4} )
}

BooleanLiteral = { "true" | "false" }

NullLiteral = { "null" }

WHITESPACE = _{ " " | "\t" | "\n" | "\r" }